Grade 10- History- 1.2.1- Italy Unification

The Unification of Italy Explained | History Grade 10 | Congress of Vienna to 1871

After the Congress of Vienna (1815), Italy was left divided and controlled by foreign powers. This video explains how Italy overcame its obstacles to unity — from Austrian occupation and Papal control to the struggles of independent states.

Learn about the key figures who led the movement for unification:
👤 Giuseppe Mazzini – The visionary who founded Young Italy and dreamed of a united republic.
👤 Count Camillo di Cavour – The skilled diplomat and prime minister who strengthened Piedmont-Sardinia and secured alliances.
👤 Giuseppe Garibaldi – The national hero who led the Red Shirts and united the south with the north.

📜 Main Topics Covered:

Italy’s division after the Congress of Vienna

The three main obstacles to Italian unity

The roles of Mazzini, Cavour, and Garibaldi

The wars and treaties that shaped Italy’s borders

The final unification in 1870–1871 and challenges after unity

Regional divisions, Church–state tensions, and modernization efforts

🗓️ Key Events:

1815: Italy fragmented by Vienna Congress

1859–1861: Sardinia leads the unification process

1866: Italy gains Venetia after the Austro-Prussian War

1870–1871: Rome becomes the capital — Unification completed!

🎓 This video is based on the History Grade 10 Student Textbook and helps students understand the rise of modern Italy and the struggles of nationalism in Europe.

📚 Watch till the end to answer the review questions and test your understanding!

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