Abetment? Section 107,108 statute + mcqs...

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abetment is the offense of encouraging, inciting, or intentionally aiding another person to commit an illegal act, or conspiring to commit an offense. It can involve instigating someone to commit a crime, engaging in a conspiracy where an act occurs in furtherance of the plan, or providing intentional assistance through actions or deliberate omissions. An abettor is the person who commits abetment.
Three Forms of Abetment
The act of abetment typically involves one of three methods, as defined in Section 107 of the Pakistan Penal Code:
Instigation: Actively provoking or encouraging someone to commit an offense. This can be through direct or indirect means, including words or gestures.
Conspiracy: Engaging with others in a plan to commit an offense. An act or illegal omission must take place in pursuit of that plan for the conspiracy to constitute abetment.
Intentional Aid: Voluntarily assisting in the commission of an offense through an act or a deliberate illegal omission. This includes actions that facilitate the offense, such as giving a criminal refuge.
Key Aspects of Abetment
Separate Offense: Abetment is a distinct offense in criminal law, separate from the actual commission of the crime itself.
Illegality: The act abetted must be an offense or illegal act.
Intentionality: A person must act with the intention to facilitate the commission of the offense.
"Abettor": The person who commits the act of abetment is known as the abetto