Automotive Math: Calculations Involving Wheel Alignment Angles (Cross-camber, Cross-caster)

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When it comes to vehicle wheel alignment, the most commonly measured and adjusted alignment angles include camber, caster, and toe.

• Camber is the angle of the wheels relative to the vertical when viewed from the front or rear of the vehicle.
• Caster is the angle of the steering axis when viewed from the side of the vehicle.
• Toe is the angle of the wheels relative to each other when viewed from above.

The terms cross-camber and cross-caster refer to the difference between the camber angle or caster angle from one side to another. The closer these values are to zero, the better the vehicle will handle.

Q1. A vehicles camber and caster were measured:

Front Wheels Left Right
Camber 1.3° 0.5°
Caster 5.4° 5.4°

Q2. Use the alignment angle range to determine if the current measurement is within specification or out of specification.

Caster specification: 5.10° ± 0.50°
Current measurement: 4.52°
Q3. Calculate the cross-caster value based on the left and right caster values. Determine if the cross-caster is within specification.

Left caster value:
4.3°
Right caster value:
3.9°