Winters’ Formula for Metabolic Acidosis | Expected PaCO2

What is Winters' Formula? This video explains how this formula is used to calculate a patient’s predicted PaCO2 based on their arterial blood gas (ABG) results.
💥Winters' Formula [Full Guide] ➜ ➜ ➜ https://bit.ly/3QaBzgK

➡️ Equation
The formula uses the following equation: Expected PaCO2 = (1.5 x HCO3-) + 8 ± 2

The patient’s bicarbonate value (HCO3-) is obtained by collecting and analyzing a sample of arterial blood. Then you can use Winters’ formula to determine the expected PaCO2 simply by inserting the HCO3- value into the equation.

➡️ How to Use Winters’ Formula
You can estimate a patient’s PaCO2 simply by inserting the measured HCO3- value into the equation. Then you can compare the estimated PaCO2 value to the patient’s actual measured PaCO2. This can result in three possible scenarios:

-- Measured PaCO2 = Estimated PaCO2
-- Measured PaCO2 greater than Estimated PaCO2
-- Measured PaCO2 less than Estimated PaCO2

➡️ Measured PaCO2 = Estimated PaCO2
If the patient’s PaCO2 is within the expected PaCO2 range, it indicates that respiratory compensation is taking place. This is considered to be pure metabolic acidosis. However, if the patient’s PaCO2 is not within the expected range, it means that a mixed disorder is present.

➡️ Measured PaCO2 greater than Estimated PaCO2
If the patient’s measured PaCO2 is greater than the estimated PaCO2, it indicates that the patient has respiratory acidosis in addition to metabolic acidosis. This is because the patient’s respiratory system is not compensating enough for metabolic acidosis, resulting in an increased PaCO2.

➡️ Measured PaCO2 less than Estimated PaCO2
If the patient’s measured PaCO2 is less than the estimated PaCO2, it indicates that the patient has respiratory alkalosis in addition to metabolic acidosis. This is because the patient’s respiratory system is overcompensating for metabolic acidosis, resulting in a decreased PaCO2.

💥Winters' Formula [Full Guide] ➜ ➜ ➜ https://bit.ly/3QaBzgK

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🚑MEDICAL DISCLAIMER
This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult with a physician with any questions that you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you watch in this video. We strive for 100% accuracy, but errors may occur, and medications, protocols, and treatment methods may change over time.

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⏰TIMESTAMPS
0:00 - Intro
043 - Winter's Formula
122 - How to Use Winters’ Formula
157 - Measured PaCO2 = Estimated PaCO2
223 - Measured PaCO2 greater than Estimated PaCO2
251 - Measured PaCO2 less than Estimated PaCO2
326 - Parts of the Winters’ Formula Equation
403 - Expected PaCO2
436 - HCO3-
501 - 1.5 Constant
515 - 8 Constant
530 - ± 2 Constant
557 - Types of Acid-Base Disorders
635 - Metabolic Acidosis
710 - Metabolic Alkalosis
734 - Respiratory Alkalosis
759 - Respiratory Acidosis
828 - Respiratory Compensation
913 - Example #1
1050 - Example #2
1216 - Example #3

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