Unraveling the Mystery: Radio Signals from Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks

Scientists have recently discovered intriguing radio signals emanating from Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks, a Halley-type comet. This comet, which visits Earth every 71 years, has been observed giving off bursts of brightness and radio signals during its approach to the Sun.
The team of astronomers, led by the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, used data from the Tianma Radio Telescope to study these signals. They found a spike in the spectral line associated with hydroxyl, indicating the breakdown of water vapor by the Sun's radiation.
By simulating sunlight interaction with the comet's surface, the team determined that 12P/Pons-Brooks is far more active than other Halley-type comets. This comet's unique activity provides a glimpse into the early days of the solar system and may even help us understand the conditions that allowed life to thrive on Earth.
During its 2024 approach, the comet released an astonishing amount of water vapor, over five tons, at a distance of one astronomical unit. Additionally, the researchers detected ammonia molecules, a first for Halley-type comets.
These findings suggest a possible connection between the comet's subsurface volatile reservoir and its outburst mechanism. Join us as we delve into this fascinating discovery and its implications for our understanding of comets and the origins of life.