Positioning error in panoramic radiograph | Panoramic Radiography Errors

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Taking panoramic radiographs can be tricky, but it doesn't have to be.
Proper patient positioning in the focal trough can avoid error on panoramic radiograph. Knowing the cause and appearance of positioning error on panoramic radiograph can help to correct the patient position.
On this videos we talked about two common patient positioning error on panoramic radiograph.

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0:00 Introduction
3:20 Head Tipped Up
5:23 Head Tipped Down
6:22 Positioning of the Teeth
7:22 Teeth Anterior to Focal trough
10:03 Teeth Posterior to Focal trough