தமிழ் 4 TYPES OF AI AGENTS | InterviewDOT

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Here’s a detailed explanation of the **types of AI agents**, written to stay close to **4000 characters**:

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*Types of AI Agents: A Comprehensive Overview*

Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents are software entities that perceive their environment and take actions to achieve specific goals. They form the core of modern AI systems and are classified based on their capabilities, intelligence level, and autonomy. Understanding the types of AI agents helps us grasp how AI systems evolve from simple rule-followers to complex decision-makers.

Below are the five main types of AI agents, arranged from the simplest to the most advanced:

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*1. Simple Reflex Agents*

*Definition:*
These agents operate solely based on the current percept (input) and a set of pre-defined rules. They do not store or consider past inputs or future outcomes.

*How They Work:*
They follow a *condition-action rule*, such as:
*If* the traffic light is red, *then* stop the car.

*Strengths:*

Fast and simple
Easy to implement

*Limitations:*

No memory or learning
Fail in complex or changing environments

*Example:*
An automatic door that opens when it detects motion.

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*2. Model-Based Reflex Agents*

*Definition:*
These agents maintain an internal model of the world, allowing them to keep track of past states and react accordingly.

*How They Work:*
They use both the current percept and stored information (state) to make decisions. The model helps simulate how the world changes in response to actions.

*Strengths:*

Can handle partially observable environments
More intelligent than simple reflex agents

*Limitations:*

Still rule-based
Cannot learn or improve over time

*Example:*
A robot vacuum that remembers the layout of the room while cleaning.

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*3. Goal-Based Agents*

*Definition:*
These agents take actions not just to react to inputs, but to achieve specific goals. They evaluate possible actions and select the one that leads to the desired outcome.

*How They Work:*
They use search and decision-making algorithms to choose the best path toward a goal.

*Strengths:*

Goal-directed behavior
Can plan and make decisions

*Limitations:*

Require goal definition
Planning can be computationally expensive

*Example:*
A GPS navigation system that finds the shortest route to your destination.

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*4. Utility-Based Agents*

*Definition:*
These agents not only aim to reach goals but also consider how good or desirable the outcome is, using a utility function.

*How They Work:*
They evaluate all possible actions by calculating the expected utility (satisfaction or benefit) of each outcome, then choose the best one.

*Strengths:*

Can handle trade-offs between goals
Choose actions that maximize long-term benefit

*Limitations:*

Need a well-defined utility function
Complex to design and optimize

*Example:*
An AI financial advisor choosing investment plans based on risk tolerance and potential returns.

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*5. Learning Agents*

*Definition:*
These are the most advanced type of AI agents. They improve their performance over time by learning from experiences, outcomes, and feedback.

*How They Work:*
They include components such as:

*Learning element* (improves behavior)
*Critic* (gives feedback on performance)
*Performance element* (makes decisions)
*Problem generator* (suggests new actions to try)

*Strengths:*

Adaptive and intelligent
Can handle new, unknown situations
Continuously self-improving

*Limitations:*

Require large amounts of data
May take time to learn optimal behavior
Risk of learning wrong patterns or biases

*Example:*
ChatGPT, self-driving cars, game-playing AIs (like AlphaGo).

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*Comparison Table*

| Agent Type | Memory | Goal-Oriented | Learns from Experience | Example |
| ------------------ | ------ | ------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------- |
| Simple Reflex | No | No | No | Motion sensor lights |
| Model-Based Reflex | Yes | No | No | Robot vacuum cleaner |
| Goal-Based | Yes | Yes | No | Route planning system |
| Utility-Based | Yes | Yes | No | AI for investment planning |
| Learning Agent | Yes | Yes | Yes | ChatGPT, self-driving cars |

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