洛阳龙门石窟 / 关林 Luoyang Longmen Grottos and Guan Lin Temple

龙门石窟位于河南省洛阳市，是中国三大石窟之一，始凿于北魏孝文帝年间（约公元493年），历经东魏、西魏、北齐、隋、唐等朝代持续营造400余年。现存窟龛2345个、造像10万余尊、碑刻题记2800余品，以规模宏大、雕刻精湛著称。其中奉先寺的卢舍那大佛高17.14米，神态庄严慈祥，代表了唐代石刻艺术的最高成就。2000年被联合国教科文组织列入《世界文化遗产名录》，是研究中国古代宗教、艺术、建筑的重要实物资料。

关林位于河南省洛阳市，是三国名将关羽的陵墓和祠庙，始建于东汉末年，后经历代修葺扩建，形成现今规模。景区主要由关冢、关庙和石坊组成，其中关冢高10米，相传为关羽首级安葬地。关庙现存建筑多为明清风格，中轴线上依次排列着大门、仪门、拜殿、大殿等建筑，殿内供奉关羽塑像。关林与山西运城解州关帝庙、湖北当阳关陵并称中国三大关庙，2006年被列为全国重点文物保护单位。

The Longmen Grottoes, located in Luoyang, China, are a UNESCO World Heritage Site renowned for their exquisite Buddhist carvings. Dating back to the Northern Wei Dynasty (493 AD), these grottoes feature over 100,000 statues and 2,300 caves carved into limestone cliffs along the Yi River. The sculptures showcase remarkable craftsmanship, blending Indian Buddhist art with Chinese traditions. Highlights include the Fengxian Temple’s colossal Vairocana Buddha and intricate reliefs depicting Buddhist teachings. A masterpiece of ancient Chinese stone art, the Longmen Grottoes reflect religious devotion, imperial patronage, and cultural exchange along the Silk Road, attracting scholars and visitors worldwide.

Guan Lin Temple, located in Luoyang, China, is a historic shrine dedicated to *Guan Yu**, the revered Han Dynasty general and symbol of loyalty and righteousness. Built during the Ming Dynasty (1592), it houses Guan Yu's tomb and serves as both a temple and a mausoleum. The complex features grand halls, ancient steles, and statues depicting Guan Yu’s legendary deeds. As one of the most important Guan Yu temples in China, it blends **Confucian, Buddhist, and Taoist* influences, attracting pilgrims and tourists alike. Its cultural significance and well-preserved Ming-era architecture make it a key heritage site in Henan Province.