Stem Branching | Types of Branching in Stems with Examples | Class 11 Biology

Stem Branching | Types of Branching in Stems with Examples | Class 11 Biology

Welcome to this detailed explanation on Stem Branching, an important subtopic from Class 11 Biology (Chapter – Morphology of Flowering Plants) 🌱.

The branching pattern of the stem determines the overall shape, growth, and appearance of a plant. It helps plants efficiently bear leaves, flowers, and fruits while ensuring maximum exposure to sunlight for photosynthesis.

In this session, you’ll learn about the different types of stem branching, their examples, diagrams, and biological significance — explained in a simple and exam-oriented way, perfect for CBSE, ICSE, State Boards, and NEET aspirants.

🔍 Topics Covered in This Lesson:
🌿 1. Introduction to Stem Branching

Definition of branching

Importance in plant structure and function

🌿 2. Types of Branching in Stems:

(A) Dichotomous Branching

The growing point divides into two equal branches repeatedly.

Seen in Coconut and Bryophyllum.

(B) Lateral Branching

New branches arise from the axillary buds present on the sides of the main axis.

Two main types of lateral branching are:

1️⃣ Racemose Branching (Exogenous)

The main axis grows continuously and gives off lateral branches in an acropetal succession (younger branches at the top, older below).

Seen in Polyalthia, Delonix regia (Gulmohar), etc.

2️⃣ Cymose Branching

The main axis terminates in a flower or branch, and growth continues through lateral branches.

It shows basipetal succession (younger branches at the bottom).

Seen in Jasmine, Ixora, and Tecoma.

🌱 3. Diagrammatic Explanation:

Labeled diagrams of Racemose and Cymose branching for quick understanding.

Comparison chart between the two types of branching.

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Tags
Stem Branching
Types of Branching in Stems with Examples
Morphology of Flowering Plants
12th/CBSE/HSC/ISC/NEET/CAT/IAT/NCERT
Biology

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