Adult vs. Pediatric Respiratory System – Pediatric Nursing | Lecturio Nursing

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► CHAPTERS 🤓
0:07 Pediatric vs. Adult Respiratory System
0:13 Chest or Thorax Shape - Bifurcation of Trachea
0:38 Chestor Thorax Shape - Chest Wall Shape
1:02 Chest Shape Deformities
2:26 Diaphragm and Muscles of Respiration
3:44 Relative Internal Organ Size
4:22 Upper Airway Structural Differences
5:31 Airway Diameter
6:24 Bronchial Walls
7:06 Surfactant

► In this video, we’ll break down the key differences between the pediatric and adult respiratory systems to help you understand the unique challenges pediatric patients face in respiratory care. Whether you’re studying for exams or preparing for clinical rotations, these insights are critical for safe and effective patient care.

Key Concepts Covered:

🫶 Chest and Thoracic Shape: In infants and young children, the ribs are attached horizontally to the vertebrae and sternum, compared to a more oblique angle in older children and adults. This affects how the lungs expand and function.

🌬️ Tracheal Bifurcation: In children, the trachea bifurcates at the level of T3, while in adults, it bifurcates at T6, which has significant implications for intubation procedures.

📏 Bronchial Slope: The right main stem bronchus in children has a steeper slope than in adults, which is important when performing airway management.

🪴 Chest Wall Maturation: The shape of the chest gradually changes from a round shape at birth to a more flattened shape in adulthood. This is influenced by both genetic factors and external forces like scoliosis and kyphosis.

🩻 Pectus Excavatum and Carinatum: Two common deformities of the chest wall in children. Pectus excavatum (sunken chest) can cause respiratory compromise, while pectus carinatum (pigeon chest) typically does not impair respiratory function.

💨 Respiratory Muscles: In infants, the diaphragm is the primary muscle for inspiration due to the immaturity of surrounding muscles. As they grow, the intercostal and abdominal muscles become more involved in breathing.

⚡ Airway Size Differences: Pediatric airways are much narrower than those of adults, which makes them more susceptible to obstruction and requires extra care in airway management.

By understanding these pediatric respiratory differences, you’ll be better equipped to assess, diagnose, and treat pediatric patients effectively.

► THE PROF 📚🏫
Paula Ruedebusch is equally passionate about patient care and nursing education. She is working as a full-time clinician while also teaching undergraduate, graduate and doctoral nursing courses, with the goal to help contribute to the education and training of high-quality clinicians.

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