【1分鐘✅理解💖心臟搭橋手術🏥】《👍 Understand 💖 Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) 💕 in 1 min 😘》

心臟繞道手術，Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG)，亦可稱為冠狀動脈旁路移植，俗稱心臟搭橋或冠脈搭橋。心臟繞道手術(心臟搭橋手術)是增加心肌供血，減輕症狀、幫助心臟恢復功能的一個非常重要和確切的治療方法。其目的是使缺血的心肌重新恢復活力以達到減低猝死率、減輕甚至消除心絞痛發作的風險進而提高生活質素。心臟繞道手術通常在全身麻醉低溫、體外循環、心臟停止跳動的情況下進行，一般需要2至3小時。簡單的(病人情況良好、手術時間短)病人可不用體外循環，在心臟跳動的情況下手術。手術是取一段位於腿部的自體大隱靜脈或其他血管，在主動脈和冠狀動脈堵塞病變遠端之間做一主動脈與冠狀動脈的搭橋，從而使主動脈的血液通過移植的血管供應到冠狀動脈的遠端，以恢復相應心肌的血液供應， 改善心肌缺血、缺氧狀態，解除心絞痛等症狀。可利用自身血管包括大隱靜脈、內乳動脈、胃網膜右動脈、橈動脈、腹壁下動脈等。用大隱靜脈搭橋手術損傷相對小及簡單，但遠期效果比動脈搭橋差，適用於年齡大的病人。而用動脈搭橋損傷較大，技術要求高，手術相對困難一些，但遠期效果較大隱靜脈好，適用於較年輕病人。

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Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG), commonly known as heart bypass surgery. It is a very important treatment to increase blood supply to the cardiac muscle, relieve symptoms, and resume the cardiac function and recovery. Its purpose is to rejuvenate the ischemic myocardium to reduce the sudden death rate, reduce or even eliminate the risk of angina pectoris, and improve the quality of life. Cardiac bypass surgery is usually performed under general anesthesia, low temperature, extracorporeal circulation, and the heart stops beating. It usually takes 2 to 3 hours. Simple case (the patient is in good condition and the operation time is short) does not need extracorporeal circulation, and the operation is performed while the heart is beating. The operation is to take a section of the autologous saphenous vein or other blood vessel located in the leg, and make a bypass between the aorta and the coronary artery between the aorta and the distal end of the coronary artery blockage, so that the blood of the aorta can be supplied through the transplanted blood vessel to the far end of the coronary artery for restoring the blood supply to the corresponding myocardium, improve myocardial ischemia, hypoxia, and relieve symptoms such as angina pectoris. The available blood vessels include the great saphenous vein, internal mammary artery, right gastroepiploic artery, radial artery, and inferior abdominal artery. Great saphenous vein bypass surgery is relatively small and simple, but the long-term effect is worse than arterial bypass. It is suitable for older patients. The arterial bypass is more damaging, requires high technical requirements, and is relatively difficult to operate. However, the long-term effect is larger than the saphenous vein, and it is suitable for younger patients.