LEN vs DATALENGTH Function | CHAR vs VARCHAR | VARCHAR vs NVARCHAR | VARCHAR(n) vs VARCHAR(MAX)

LEN vs DATALENGTH Function | CHAR vs VARCHAR | VARCHAR vs NVARCHAR | CHAR vs NCHAR | VARCHAR(n) vs VARCHAR(MAX)

Agenda:
--------
Q01. What is the difference between LEN() and DATALENGTH() in SQL?
Q02. What is the difference between CHAR and VARCHAR data types in SQL?
Q03. What is the difference between CHAR and NCHAR data types in SQL?
Q04. What is the difference between VARCHAR and NVARCHAR data types in SQL?
Q05. What does the size 'n' define in CHAR(n) or VARCHAR(n) and NCHAR(n) and NVARCHAR(n) data types?
Q06. What is Collation and how it affects the data storage size?
Q07. Is the declaration of a field with VARCHAR(8500) is valid in SQL?
Q08. What is the difference between VARCHAR(n) and VARCHAR(MAX) in SQL?
Q09. Which data type can be used to store Unicode strings in SQL?
Q10. How many characters can be stored in Varchar(10) and Nvarchar(10) type field?
Q11. Can you define a field as CHAR(MAX) in SQL?
Q12. Can you create an Index on a column that is of VARCHAR(MAX) data type?
Q13. Which data type uses the LOB(Large Object) page to store the data? What can be the maximum size of LOB?
Q14. Why only a maximum of 8000 sizes can be stored in any string data type in SQL?

-- Get Current Collation
SELECT CONVERT (varchar(256), SERVERPROPERTY('collation'));

-- GET Current Collation Description
EXECUTE sp_helpsort;

-- Current Collation settings for the table fields
SELECT t.name TableName, c.name ColumnName, collation_name
FROM sys.columns c
inner join sys.tables t on c.object_id = t.object_id
WHERE t.name = 'tblName';

-- Changing the Collation for a column in table
ALTER TABLE Demo_SQLDataType ALTER COLUMN VarcharField VARCHAR(50) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CS_AS;


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