Diabetes Mastery (+DKA/HHS): A Guide for Medical Students + Resident (All You Need to Know!)

Hi! I'm Prerak - a third year internal medicine resident at Stanford! This video provides a detailed overview of Type II Diabetes (while also compare/contrasting it with type I Diabetes!).

This video covers:
Clear differentiation between T1DM and T2DM, including causes and diagnosis.
Essential knowledge on who to screen and how to diagnose T2DM.
Treatment options with a focus on Metformin as the first line.
Crucial information on recognizing and managing diabetic emergencies.
Additional screening for complications in diabetic patients.
Sharpen your T2DM knowledge and improve patient care.

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Here are some of my more popular videos:
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How to EFFECTIVELY CRAM Using Anki (College Classes + Med School):    / watchv=8w47pztfcs0&list=ploruskspchayv6ond...  

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TIME STAMPS:
00:00-00:41 - Introduction and Who I Am!

00:42-01:19 - Overview of Type II Diabetes + Source for this Video
Linked here: https://diabetesjournals.org/clinical...

01:20-03:19 - What is the DEFINITION of Type II Diabetes (And how is it different from Type I Diabetes?)
T1D is primarily an autoimmune disorder characterized by the destruction of pancreatic β-cells, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin, while T2DM is a heterogeneous disorder resulting from a combination of insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion. The nuance here is to understand that insulin is secreted after a meal and basically helps shift glucose INSIDE of cells.

03:20-06:13 - A PERFECT Chart Showing the Differences Between Type I and Type II Diabetes!
Age of diagnosis of T1DM is often below the age of 25 while T2DM tends to happen over time. The latter disease is often linked with insulin resistance. DKA risk is REALLY high in T1DM but also high in T2DM (not as high). Type 1 diabetic usually require insulin given they do not produce it altogether, but individuals T2DM do not always need it! Surprisingly, T2DM is the one that is MORE genetically linked!

06:14-08:22 - Who Should We Check for Diabetes? and What is Diagnostic of Diabetes?
1) Fasting glucose more than 126
2) A1c more than 6.5
3) Random glucose more than 200 (in the presence of symptoms and no other causes)
4) Two-hour plasma glucose more than 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) during an OGTT

08:23-11:13 - How to Treat Type II Diabetes?
Metformin is technically the first line for Type II Diabetes. There are a LOT of medications for this but metformin is the most common one!

11:14-13:57 - DIABETIC EMERGENCIES (VERY IMPORTANT TO KNOW!) - DKA and HHS (Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state)

13:57-15:15 - Other Things to SCREEN for When Someone has Diabetes!