NORTHERN SANTALI LANGUAGE, PEOPLE, & CULTURE (Santal Pargana dialect)

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Johar! Íńạk’ ńutum do Andy kana. Cet' leka menama?
Hello! My name is Andy. How are you?
Let's talk about the Santali Language.

Santali Language
Santali, also known as Santhali, is the most widely spoken language of the Munda subfamily within the Austroasiatic language family, closely related to Ho and Mundari. Primarily spoken by the Santal people, it is prevalent in the Indian states of Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand, Mizoram, Odisha, Tripura, and West Bengal, with speakers also found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal. With around 7.6 million speakers, Santali ranks as the third most spoken Austroasiatic language after Vietnamese and Khmer. Historically an oral language, Santali adopted written forms through the efforts of European missionaries who introduced the Bengali, Odia, and Roman scripts. Today, it enjoys official recognition under the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution and serves as an additional official language in Jharkhand and West Bengal. The language features two main dialects — northern and southern — and is known among its speakers as Hor ror (/hɔɽ rɔɽ/).

Santal People and Culture
The Santal people, or Santhals, are one of the largest tribal groups in eastern India, with over five million members concentrated in Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Odisha. Significant populations also reside in Bangladesh and Nepal. The Santal society is organized into 12 patrilineal clans, with strict customs governing marriage, ornamentation, housing, and rituals. Traditionally animist, the Santals worship nature, spirits (bonga), mountains, and ancestors. While many Santals have embraced Hinduism, Sarnaism, Sari dhorom, and Christianity, traditional beliefs remain influential. The Santal community values monogamy, though polygyny is permitted. Cultural expressions such as music, dance, and storytelling are integral to their identity, with rituals and festivals celebrating their connection to the natural world and ancestral heritage.

This video is created for educational, language awareness, and language preservation purposes. It aims to provide valuable insights and knowledge to viewers, enhancing their understanding and appreciation of different languages and their unique characteristics. By raising awareness about linguistic diversity, the video seeks to foster a greater respect and recognition for various languages, particularly those that are endangered or underrepresented. Additionally, it contributes to the preservation of languages by documenting and sharing linguistic knowledge, thus ensuring that these languages and their cultural heritage are not lost to future generations.

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