Coding Challenge 176: Buffon's Needle

How do toothpicks approximate the value of pi? I'll show you by coding a simulation in p5.js! Code: https://thecodingtrain.com/challenges...

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p5.js Web Editor Sketches:
🕹️ Buffon's Needle: https://editor.p5js.org/codingtrain/s...
🕹️ Line Line Intersection: https://editor.p5js.org/codingtrain/s...
🕹️ Probability Density Function Graph: https://editor.p5js.org/codingtrain/s...

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References:
🔗 Buffon's Needle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffon%...
🔗 Analysis and Simulation: https://mste.illinois.edu/activity/bu...
🔗 Pickup Sticks & Pi: https://ogden.eu/pi/

Related Coding Challenges:
🚂 95 Approximating the Value of Pi:    • Coding Challenge 95: Approximating the Val...  
🚂 126 Toothpicks:    • Coding Challenge #126: Toothpicks  
🚂 145 Ray Casting 2D:    • Coding Challenge 145: 2D Raycasting  

Timestamps:
0:00 Happy Pi Day 2023!
0:45 Introduce Buffon's Needle
1:40 Unpack the math
4:40 Let toothpick fall at an angle
7:08 The probability that the toothpick crosses the border
7:27 Uniform probability density function
8:12 Illustrate the probability with a graph
10:49 Approximating the value of Pi
11:11 Calculating the area under the curve
12:48 Resources for Buffon's Needle
13:28 Start Coding
13:53 Draw vertical lines
14:20 Add a toothpick
15:02 Draw background in setup
15:57 We have to use the built-in value of Pi
17:00 Find the closest column
17:22 Determine if the toothpick intersects the column
18:10 Rotate the line relative to the y-axis
18:50 Draw the toothpick as a vertical line
19:40 Improve the visuals
20:48 Approximate the value of Pi using the probability that a toothpick intersects a column
23:45 Suggestions for variations
24:08 New Passenger Showcase page on the Coding Train website
24:38 Easter egg

Editing by Mathieu Blanchette
Animations by Jason Heglund
Pi Day Song by Will from America
Music from Epidemic Sound

🚂 Website: https://thecodingtrain.com/
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🔗 p5.js: https://p5js.org
🔗 p5.js Web Editor: https://editor.p5js.org/
🔗 Processing: https://processing.org

📄 Code of Conduct: https://github.com/CodingTrain/Code-o...

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#piday #pi #buffonsneedle #buffon #p5js #javascript