Oreshnik: Russia's Hypersonic MIRV-Capable IRBM"
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Загружено: 2025-06-10
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Oreshnik: Russia's Hypersonic MIRV-Capable IRBM"
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The Oreshnik (Russian: Орешник, meaning 'Hazel tree') is a new and highly advanced Russian intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) that has garnered significant international attention due to its reported hypersonic capabilities and ability to carry Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicles (MIRVs).
Here's a breakdown of its key characteristics:
Hypersonic Speed: The most striking feature of the Oreshnik is its immense speed, reportedly exceeding Mach 10 (over 12,300 km/h or 7,610 mph), with some reports even suggesting Mach 11. This extreme velocity makes it incredibly difficult, if not nearly impossible, for current conventional missile defense systems to intercept.
MIRV-Capable: The Oreshnik can carry multiple warheads, each capable of being aimed at a different target independently. This "multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle" (MIRV) capability significantly amplifies its destructive power, allowing a single missile to strike several targets simultaneously. It is reportedly equipped with six warheads, each potentially containing submunitions.
Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM): While derived from the RS-26 Rubezh intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), the Oreshnik is considered an IRBM, with an estimated range of 5,800–6,000 km. This range allows it to strike targets across Europe and parts of Asia.
Warhead Flexibility: The Oreshnik is capable of carrying both nuclear and conventional warheads. Russian President Vladimir Putin has claimed that even with conventional warheads, the missile's destructive potential, due to its kinetic energy at hypersonic speeds, could be comparable to a nuclear strike.
Evasion Capabilities: Its hypersonic speed, combined with reported mid-flight maneuverability, makes it highly effective at evading existing air and missile defense systems.
Mobile Launch Platform: The Oreshnik is believed to be primarily launched from mobile road-based transporter-erector-launchers, enhancing its survivability by making it difficult to detect and track.
Origin: The Oreshnik is believed to be derived from the RS-26 Rubezh IRBM, which was test-fired but never entered official service.
First Operational Use: The Oreshnik saw its first confirmed operational use on November 21, 2024, during the Russo-Ukrainian War, in an attack on Ukraine's PA Pivdenmash facility in Dnipro. While the warheads used in this instance were reportedly inert (dummy warheads), the kinetic energy alone caused significant damage.
In essence, the Oreshnik represents a significant advancement in Russia's strategic weaponry, reflecting a shift towards high-speed, stealthy, and precision-strike systems that could redefine deterrence doctrines and impact the global balance of power.
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