Why is quantum mechanics non-local? (I wish someone had told me this 20 years ago.)

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Last year, the Nobel Prize in physics was awarded to three physicists who allegedly found that the universe is not locally real. But what does this mean? What are the two types of non-locality? And what did Einstein's have to do with it? That's what we'll talk about today.

Some examples for models that violate measurement independence are here:

C. H. Brans, International Journal of Theoretical Physics 27, 219 (1988)
https://link.springer.com/article/10....
T. N. Palmer, Proc. Roy. Soc. A, 451, 585-608 (1995)
https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9505025
J. Degorre, S. Laplante, J. Roland, PRA 72, 062314 (2005)
https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0507120
M. J. W. Hall, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 250404 (2010)
https://arxiv.org/abs/1007.5518
G. S. Ciepielewski, E. Okon, D. Sudarsky
https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.00631
S. Donadi, S. Hossenfelder, PRA 106, 2 (2022)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.01327

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00:00 Introduction
00:39 Two types of Non-Locality
05:32 Quantum Mechanics
12:32 Local Causality
16:34 Measurement Independence
19:55 Bell's Theorem
22:39 Summary
23:32 Brilliant Sponsorship

#science #physics #quantum