如何看懂常见的肝功能检查结果 王裕圯 灌南县人民医院

如何看懂常见的肝功能检查结果 王裕圯 灌南县人民医院
1、谷丙转氨酶：ALT正常参考值为小于40U/L，是反映肝实质损害的一个重要项目，升高往往即说明肝脏受损，升高的越高，表明受损的程度越严重。引起ALT升高常见于：（1）急性和慢性病毒性肝炎（乙肝、丙肝、甲肝、丁肝、戊肝、庚肝等）；（2）胆囊炎或胆道疾病（如炎症、结石、息肉、癌症等）；（3）饮酒引起的肝脏损伤；（4）药物引起的肝脏损伤；（5）其他引起ALT异常因素（脂肪肝、肝癌等）。2、谷草转氨酶：AST正常参考值为小于40U/L，同谷丙转氨酶一样，也是反映肝受损的指标。AST主要分布于心肌，其次是肝脏、骨骼肌和肾脏等组织中。3、碱性磷酸酶：ALP正常参考值为成人：40-140U/L。ALP主要用于阻塞性黄疸、原发性肝癌、继发性肝癌、胆汁淤积性肝炎等的检查。4、γ谷氨酰转肽酶：GGT正常参考值为7～40U/L，当肝功能出现异常的时候，常伴有GGT的升高，因此也是反映肝脏受损的指标。GGT主要是来自肝胆系统，在反映肝细胞坏死损害方面不及谷丙转氨酶，但在黄疸鉴别方面有一定意义。

How to understand the common results of liver function examination
1. Alanine aminotransferase: the normal reference value of ALT is less than 40u / L, It is an important item reflecting the damage of liver parenchyma, A rise often indicates liver damage, The higher it rises, Indicates the more serious the damage. The common causes of ALT elevation are: (1) acute and chronic viral hepatitis (hepatitis B, C, a, D, e, G, etc.); (2) Cholecystitis or biliary diseases (such as inflammation, stone, polyp, cancer, etc.); (3) Liver injury caused by drinking; (4) Drug-induced liver injury; (5) Other causes of ALT abnormality (fatty liver, liver cancer, etc.). 2. The normal reference value of AST is less than 40u / L, Like alanine aminotransferase, It is also an indicator of liver damage. AST is mainly distributed in myocardium, The second is liver, skeletal muscle and kidney. 3. ALP: the normal reference value of ALP is 40-140u / L for adults. ALP is mainly used for the examination of obstructive jaundice, primary liver cancer, secondary liver cancer, cholestatic hepatitis, etc. 4. γ - glutamyltranspeptidase: the normal reference value of GGT is 7-40u / L, When liver function is abnormal, It is often accompanied by the increase of GGT, Therefore, it is also an indicator of liver damage. GGT is mainly from the hepatobiliary system, It is not as good as alanine aminotransferase in reflecting the necrosis of hepatocytes, But it has certain significance in jaundice identification.