Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF) ; Definition, Function, Role in Inflammation, Therapeutic Target

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) is a crucial cytokine in the immune system. Here are some key points about TNF:

What is TNF?
Protein: TNF is a protein produced primarily by activated macrophages, but also by other cells like T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells.

Function: It plays a significant role in inflammation and the immune response.

TNF and Inflammation
Inflammatory Response: TNF induces inflammation by binding to its receptors (TNFR1 and TNFR2) on other cells.

Role in Diseases: Excessive production of TNF is associated with several inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease.

TNF in Cancer
Necrosis: TNF was initially identified for its ability to cause necrosis (death) of tumor cells.

Therapeutic Target: TNF-blocking drugs are used to treat inflammatory diseases by inhibiting its activity.

TNF and Immune System
White Blood Cells Activation: TNF activates white blood cells and promotes the secretion of other cytokines.

Homeostasis: It also contributes to maintaining homeostasis in the central nervous system.

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