Heart Failure and Medications | Mass General Brigham

• Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough oxygen-rich blood.
• Causes include a weak heart, a stiff heart, or valve problems.
• Four proven medication groups reduce hospitalizations and death:
1. Beta blockers (metoprolol, carvedilol)
2. RAAS-acting agents (lisinopril, losartan, valsartan, Entresto)
3. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (spironolactone, eplerenone)
4. SGLT2 inhibitors (empagliflozin/Jardiance, dapagliflozin/Farxiga)

• Eligibility depends on blood pressure and kidney function.
• Best outcomes when taken at maximally tolerated doses.
• Patients should ask their cardiologist about these medications.


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