Special Senses | Semicircular Canals: Cristae Ampullaris | BPPV

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Ninja Nerds!
In this lecture, Professor Zach Murphy will guide you through the anatomy and function of the semicircular canals, with a focus on the cristae ampullaris and its role in detecting angular acceleration. We will break down the structural arrangement of the anterior, posterior, and lateral semicircular canals, their orientation in three planes, and how movement of endolymph within the membranous labyrinth stimulates the hair cells of the crista ampullaris. Special attention will be given to how these sensory signals are transmitted via the vestibular branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve to help maintain balance and spatial orientation.

We will then discuss benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), a common vestibular disorder caused by displaced otoliths entering the semicircular canals. You will learn the pathophysiology behind how these misplaced otoliths disrupt normal endolymph movement, leading to vertigo and nystagmus, as well as the typical diagnostic maneuvers and management strategies such as the Epley maneuver.

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