How to Easily Restrict Content-Type in FastAPI Request Header

Learn how to restrict the `content-type` in FastAPI request headers to `application/vnd.api+ json` for enhanced API handling and data validation.
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How to Easily Restrict Content-Type in FastAPI Request Header

FastAPI is a modern, fast (high-performance), web framework for building APIs with Python 3.6+ based on standard Python type hints. One important aspect of building efficient APIs is ensuring that data coming into your application meets specific formats. A common requirement is to restrict the content-type of the request headers.

In this guide, we will explore how you can restrict the content type in your FastAPI application to ensure that only requests with the specified type are accepted.

Understanding the Problem

As you're developing APIs, you might run into scenarios where you want to limit the types of data your application accepts. For instance, you may want your FastAPI route to only accept data of the type application/vnd.api+ json. If a request comes in with a different content type, you want to reject it to avoid errors and ensure data integrity.

Solution: Restricting Content-Type

Here's a step-by-step guide on how to enforce content-type restrictions in FastAPI:

Step 1: Import Required Libraries

Begin by importing the necessary libraries. You will need FastAPI, HTTPException, and status from the starlette package:

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Step 2: Create Your FastAPI Instance

Next, create an instance of the FastAPI application:

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Step 3: Define Your Route

Now, let's define a new route. For example, we'll create a GET route at /hello that will check the content-type of the incoming request:

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Step 4: Run the Application

Finally, make sure to run your application using Uvicorn:

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Summary of the Code

Request Header Check: The route accesses the incoming request using a Request object.

Content-Type Validation: It checks if the content-type is set to "application/vnd.api+ json".

HTTP Exception Handling: If the content type is not what you expect, it raises an HTTPException with a specific status code (415 Unsupported Media Type).

Return Response: If the content type is valid, it returns the accepted content-type.

Conclusion

Restricting the content-type in FastAPI request headers is essential for maintaining data integrity and ensuring that your API behaves as expected. By following the steps outlined above, you can easily enforce this rule and handle requests more securely.

We hope this guide helps you navigate content-type restrictions in your FastAPI applications! Happy coding!