PLL's - The Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO)

#115 This time I continue looking at another fundamental block used in a phase locked loop (or PLL), the voltage controlled oscillator, or VCO in short. I take a look at the 2 fundamental types commonly used - the relaxation and the harmonic oscillator and then inquire how the output frequency can be modified using an external voltage.

Datasheets:
https://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/cd4...

Tested circuit schematics:
Harmonic oscillator: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1G3DJ...
Relaxation oscillator: https://drive.google.com/file/d/19J15...

More on PLL's:
Frequency multiplication:    • PLL's - Signal Frequency Multiplication  
FM demodulation:    • PLL's - Demodulating FM signals  
The Phase Detector:    • PLL's - Digital phase detectors  
The VCO:    • Видео  

References and further reading
The Art of Electronics; Horowitz, Hill; Cambridge; Cap 13.13

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