spherical mirrors class 10 Physics | concave and convex mirror

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This video is about spherical mirrors class 10 physics chapter 12 geometrical optics.
Spherical Mirrors and Their Types

A spherical mirror is a type of mirror whose reflecting surface is a part of a hollow sphere. In physics, especially in Class 10 optics, the study of a spherical mirror is very important because it helps us understand the reflection of light, image formation, and practical applications in daily life. A spherical mirror reflects light according to the laws of reflection, just like a plane mirror, but the images formed by a spherical mirror are more varied.

A spherical mirror is actually a small portion of a hollow spherical shell. Depending on which side of the spherical surface reflects light, a spherical mirror is classified into two main types: concave mirror and convex mirror. Thus, there are two types of spherical mirrors.

Concave Mirror

A concave mirror is a type of spherical mirror in which the reflecting surface is curved inward, facing the center of the sphere. A concave mirror is also called a converging mirror because parallel rays of light falling on a concave mirror converge at a point called the principal focus after reflection.

A concave mirror can form different types of images depending on the position of the object. The image formed by a concave mirror may be real or virtual, inverted or erect, and magnified, diminished, or same size. Due to these properties, a concave mirror is widely used in shaving mirrors, makeup mirrors, dentist mirrors, and headlights of vehicles. The ability of a concave mirror to produce a magnified image makes it very useful.

Convex Mirror

A convex mirror is another type of spherical mirror in which the reflecting surface bulges outward, away from the center of the sphere. A convex mirror is also known as a diverging mirror because rays of light diverge after reflection from a convex mirror.

The image formed by a convex mirror is always virtual, erect, and diminished, regardless of the position of the object. Because of this property, a convex mirror provides a wider field of view. For this reason, convex mirrors are commonly used as rear-view mirrors in vehicles and as security mirrors in shops and parking areas. A convex mirror helps drivers see a larger area behind them.

Conclusion

In conclusion, a spherical mirror is an important optical device used in the reflection of light. The two main types of spherical mirrors, the concave mirror and the convex mirror, have different properties and uses. Understanding spherical mirrors and their types helps Class 10 students grasp image formation concepts clearly and prepares them for numerical problems and ray diagrams.


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