[4] Organometallic Chemistry | Metal carbonyls | Type of Metal carbonyls |Mononuclear metal carbonyl

metal carbonyl, any coordination or complex compound consisting of a heavy metal such as nickel, cobalt, or iron surrounded by carbonyl (CO) groups. Some common metal carbonyls include: tetracarbonylnickel Ni(CO)4, pentacarbonyliron Fe(CO)5, and octacarbonyldicobalt Co2(CO)8. 

Classification of Metal Carbonyls

1.Based on the type of Ligands.
Metal carbonyls can be classified into the following, based on the type of ligand they are attached to. These are-
a. Homoleptic Metal carbonyls: In homoleptic metal carbonyls, only one type of ligand is present. These metal carbonyls have only COCO ligands with the general formula Mx(CO)y.Mx(CO)y.
Example – Ni(CO)4Ni(CO)4
b. Heteroleptic Metal carbonyls: In heteroleptic metal carbonyls, more than one type of ligands are present. Along with COCO ligands, other types of ligands are also attached to the metal. These have the general formula MxLm(CO)y.MxLm(CO)y.
Example – [Pt(CO)2Cl2]

Mononuclear metal carbonyl:, These metal carbonyls have only one metal centre. The general formula of mononuclear metal carbonyls is M(CO)n.M(CO)n. Example – Ni(CO)4Ni(CO)4
b. Polynuclear metal carbonyl – These metal carbonyls have two or more metal centres. The general formula of mononuclear metal carbonyls is MxNy(CO)n.MxNy(CO)n. Example – Mn2(CO)10,MnCo(CO)9Mn2(CO)10,MnCo(CO)9
Based on the type of metals, the polynuclear metal carbonyls can be classified into-
a. Homonuclear: These metal carbonyls have two or more than two metal centres but of the same type. Example – Mn2(CO)10Mn2(CO)10
b. Heteronuclear: These metal carbonyls have two or more than two metal centres but of different types. Example- MnCo(CO)9 in

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   • [1] Organometallic Chemistry | Introductio...  
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   • [2] Organometallic Chemistry | Metal carbo...  
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Time stamp
00:00- Types of Metal carbonyls
1:00- Mononuclear metal carbonyl
4:00- Example of [Mn( Co)5]
13:00- Formation of carbonylate ion
18:26- Example of [Fe(Co)5]
21:25- Example of [ CO(Co)4]

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