The MAUSOLEUM OF HALICARNASSOS BODRUM TÜRKİYE MEHMET ÇUHADAR
Автор: Mehmet Çuhadar
Загружено: 2023-05-17
Просмотров: 118
After his father Hekatomnos's death in 377 BC, satrap Mausolus moved his capital city to Halicarnassus, embellishing his new capital with extraordinary monuments. He built mighty city walls, a theater, an agora, a royal palace, and temples in his new capital. Mausolus, who also started the construction of his Mausoleum before his death, died in 353 BC.
ARCHITECTS
Two famous architects of the 4th century, Pytheos and Satyros, were chosen to construct the monumental tomb.
Pytheos and Satyrios, who also wrote a treaty about the monumental tomb, created various monuments in Karia and Ionia, and they were exceptionally successful Architects and sculptors.
The MAUSOLEUM
the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, the grave of King Mausolus, the Persian satrap of Caria, was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
The monumental tomb was situated in the city center, about 45 meters high and rising on a vast terrace measuring 250*100 meters.
The monument had a three-stage podium, a section resembling an Ionic temple with 36-column, and a 24-step pyramid on the top. At the monument's summit was a chariot drawn by four horses.
PODIUM
The podium, which also housed Mausolus and Artemisia's burial chamber, had reliefs depicting battle scenes.
The reliefs depicting the Amazon-Greek battle were located at the podium's upper part, just under the temple-like section.
Another freeze running on the podium depicted the Greeks fighting against the People of the East.
TEMPLE
The Mausoleum's temple-like section, surrounded by 36 Ionian columns, held statues of heroes, gods, and goddesses of diverse sizes; all these statues were situated between the columns.
PYRAMID
The pyramid-like section of the monumental tomb was found at the top and comprised 24 steps. It had lion statues scattered on the steps.
CHARIOT GROUP
The statues of Mausolus and Artemisia were in a 4-horse chariot, found at the very top. It is suggested that Pytheos, the architect of the Mausoleum, created the chariot group.
A frieze also depicted a chariot race with female riders on the group's base.
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