Digital Logic Gates from Transistors, AND, NAND, OR, NOR, XOR, XNOR, Buffer, and Inverter

Parts To Build Logic Gates.
Quality Breadboards
https://amzn.to/4iw1MVG
2N2222 Transistors
https://amzn.to/41Nqg5H
Breadboard 22 Gauge Wire
https://amzn.to/4iK1gnj
LEDs
https://amzn.to/4izng4c
Resistors 2K 1/4 Watt Metal Film Type
https://amzn.to/4kPbp3m
Variety of Resistors (1-Pack)
https://amzn.to/4hxJbY2
10000mAh Rechargeable Battery Pack
https://amzn.to/41WFoxQ

Recommended Tools
Wire Stripper
https://amzn.to/4hzF6md
Side Cutter
https://amzn.to/4izvdq4
Scissors (To mark wire cuts and cut resistors to length)
https://amzn.to/4iTaL37
Automatic Wire Stripper (I did not use this but it could be nice)
https://amzn.to/4iuwaQn

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Video Description:
How to build digital logic gates using individual transistors is discussed in detail. The logic gates are built on breadboards using transistors, resistors, LEDs, and different color wires. The truth table and circuit diagram will be shown for each logic gate. In many cases, there is more than one way to build the logic gate so multiple configurations will be shown.

The types of logic gates that are built and tested are a switch, inverter, buffer, AND gates, NAND gate, OR gates, NOR gate, XOR gates, and an XNOR gate. At the end of the video, I also demonstrate how to properly wire up AND logic gates on a breadboard using integrated circuits.

All of the logic gates are built with 2N2222 transistors and the circuit is powered with a 5-volt power supply. The positive wires are red, the ground wires are black, and most of the resistor values are 2K.

0:00 Intro
2:21 How transistors work
3:34 Transistor as a switch
5:35 Inverter
8:15 How to send output
11:13 Buffer 1
12:20 Buffer 2
15:33 Resistor Values
16:48 AND 1
19:00 AND 2
20:07 AND 3
21:46 NAND
22:44 OR 1
25:10 OR 2
26:44 OR 3
28:40 OR 4
30:38 NOR
31:48 XOR 1
35:19 XOR 2
35:51 XOR 3
37:02 XOR 4
38:05 XNOR
40:23 AND 4
42:58 AND 5
AND Gates with ICs
44:19 AND 6
46:42 AND 7
48:07 What is inside an IC