ALTERNATING CURRENT - RMS and Average Value of AC | 2ndPUC/ NCERT PHYSICS| part -1|physics made easy

ALTERNATING CURRENT - RMS and Average Value of AC | 2ndPUC/ NCERT PHYSICS| part -1|physics made easy
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Here’s a clear description you can use for RMS (Root Mean Square) value and Mean (Average) value of AC:

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1. RMS Value of AC

The Root Mean Square (RMS) value of an alternating current (or voltage) is the effective value of AC.

It is defined as the square root of the mean of the squares of instantaneous values taken over one complete cycle.

The RMS value represents the equivalent DC value that would produce the same heating effect in a resistor as the AC does over one cycle.

For a sinusoidal AC:

I_rms = I₀ / √2 ≈ 0.707 * I₀.

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2. Mean Value of AC

The Mean (Average) value of an alternating current (or voltage) is the average of all instantaneous values over half a cycle (because over a full cycle the average is zero).

It represents the DC value which gives the same charge transfer in a circuit as the AC does in half a cycle.

For a sinusoidal AC:

I_avg = (2 * I₀) / π
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✅ In short:

RMS value → Effective/Heating value of AC.

Mean value → Average of AC over half a cycle.

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Learn the RMS (effective value) and Mean (average value) of AC with simple explanation and formulas.
RMS → Heating value of AC | Mean → Average over half cycle.

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Bhavya H M
Lecturer in physics