Reasons Why You Can’t Interpret Your Own Lab Results – Part II

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Last time we reviewed why interpreting your lab may lead you to the wrong diagnosis and treatment. Today we continue our review of each lab panel and why the reference ranges on your lab results may not be the “Healthy Normal Range” that you should compare your results to.

Lab reference ranges are established with a one-size-fits-all mentality, ignoring the numerous variables that influence blood results.

Have you ever tried on a “one-size-fits-all “ANYTHING? Those clothes may fit 20% of the population but for the rest of us, the garment doesn’t fit our width, weight or height! All one-size-fits-all lab reference ranges are much the same.

For example, the standardized “reference ranges” in the US serve as a one-size-fits-all “ideal range” applied to everyone, despite genetic differences, varying latitudes, and the diverse diets that characterize the American multiethnic population. This presents the first problem with using a single range for all people: variations among individuals based on differing genetic needs. The second issue is that the ranges on the lab report indicate the minimum levels necessary for survival, not necessarily the healthiest blood levels for most individuals. Another example of one size doesn’t fit all is the reference range for women’s hormones. A range is displayed for cycling women, but there is no healthy range for menopausal women. Does the range displayed refer to menopausal women with HRT, or menopausal women without HRT to treat their menopausal symptoms? Is the range based on what is healthy, or what is average? We aren’t sure.

Labs don’t ask patients questions that could help interpret lab values. Therefore, they cannot provide a truly diagnostic reference range for any illness. They only consider gender and age, as reference ranges are solely adjusted for these two factors. A doctor must interpret individual lab results alongside a patient’s medical and surgical history, including established diseases, medications, supplements, hormonal treatments, and past lab values. For instance, laboratory companies should offer reference ranges based on whether a patient is menopausal, a woman is undergoing ERT, a man is receiving testosterone, a patient is on thyroid medication, a person is being treated for diabetes, or the diabetic tests are performed to diagnose diabetes.

Some Reference Ranges are Based on comparing results to Misleading formulas. The best example of this issue is the Lipid Panel. Doctors use this panel to determine a person’s risk for heart attacks caused by atherosclerosis. Most doctors don’t know the formula for determining Total Cholesterol. This test doesn’t predict heart disease in most patients, as the formula used to arrive at that number is not indicative of the disease. However, doctors have been advised that when total cholesterol levels are high, a patient should start taking a statin, a drug that reduces blood cholesterol and sometimes lowers the rate of heart attacks in certain individuals, though it is rarely predictive in 50% of the population.

The problem with the lipid panel is twofold: the LDL level indicates future atherosclerosis in only about 50% of the population and is not a specific test for future heart disease risk.

Total cholesterol is even less predictive of heart disease because it stems from a flawed formula.

Doctors interpret a high Total Cholesterol level as an indication that a patient may be at increased risk for heart disease in the future. When I test patients with elevated Total Cholesterol or high levels of LDL using a Cardiac Calcium Scan to measure plaque, only half of them actually produce plaque, and consequently, are not at risk for atherosclerotic heart disease. I believe that the Total Cholesterol number is derived from an inaccurate formula for determining a person’s risk of future heart disease. The Total Cholesterol number is calculated using a flawed equation. The equation is as follows:

LDL + 1/5 Triglycerides+ HDL = Total Cholesterol

Total Cholesterol = LDL (bad cholesterol) + 1/5 Triglycerides (high risk factor) + HDL (good cholesterol)

Let’s examine this formula simply like this: Bad + Bad + Good does not equal Bad. Due to this incorrect formula, thousands, if not millions, of patients have been prescribed statin drugs for a lifetime without justification! Statins carry risks. The list of side effects is extensive and includes muscle deterioration and statin-associated dementia. Unfortunately, most people who experience statin side effects are women. Women tend to have higher HDL levels than men. Additionally, they typically do not have atherosclerotic plaque until menopause and usually do not develop it after menopause if they undergo estrogen replacement therapy!