Mine Reclamation and Rehabilitation | Part 1 : 50 questions | Exam Prospective | Overview of Mining

Most Probable Questions on Reclamation
Overview of Mining and Reclamation & Rehabilitation
Steps to open a mine and start reclamation

Video Highlights

1. Exploration: Reserve estimation with grades of ore.
2. Permission from Govt bodies: State and Central govt ( Land Lease and Forest Clearance)
3. Mine Design: Planning and designing taking all factors into consideration e.g.
4. Initial Steps: Tree failing, log deposit at forest department, Topsoil ripping, storage, and management.
5. Mine Construction: Infrastructures, Mines, and processing plants.
6. Production & Dispatch: Crushing, screening, stacking, loading, Transporting.
7. Reclamation & Rehabilitation: Backfilling and Afforestation

Definitions

Reclamation-

Reclamation means returning the mined-out land with useful life. It implies restoring the land to a form and productivity that is useful and in conformity with prior land use. Reclamation always may not be a single-phase operation.
Rehabilitation-
Rehabilitation is to bring back the degraded land to a normal stage through special treatment. It is a process of taking some mitigation measures for disturbed environmental conditions created through mining activities.
Restoration-
Restoration is the process of returning the mined-out land fit to an acceptable environmental condition. However, the generally accepted meaning of the term is bringing the disturbed land to its original form.
Restoration is often used to indicate that the biological properties of soil are put back to what they were. This is a rare phenomenon.

Questions:

Q.1) MCDR: Mineral Conservation and Development Rule 1988.
Q.2) NMP: National Mineral Policy
Q.3) EMP: Environment Management Plan
.4) Which govt body designs/approves the “ Mining Plan”?
Ans: IBM ( Indian Bureau Of Mines)

Q.5) For how many periods the mine reclamation plan and afforestation plan should be prepared?
Ans: A year wise for first 5 years and a conceptual plan for the remaining life of mine.

Q.6) Which proposals should be contained in the “ Mining Plan” as per EMP?
Ans: 1) Storage and preservation of topsoil, 2) reclamation of land affected by mining during and at the end of mining, 3) stabilization, and vegetation of dumps, 4) preparation of duping ground for stacking toxic mineral substance.
Q.7) At what conditions MMR 1961 and CMR 1957 shall grant relaxation in statutory provisions for bench width?
Ans: When the quarry edge has reached some physical obstruction like surface features, geological disturbance, the boundary of the mines, etc.
Q.8) What is the recommended depth of water source created during the backfilling of mined-out area for pisciculture and cultivators?
Ans: 30 m
Q.9)What are the methods of reclamation?
Ans: Landscaping or site preparation, Soil amelioration and Revegetation.

Q.10) When should the reclamation activities be taken up?
After Mining is over, B. After development is over, C. Before development is over, D. After first phase of mining is over.
Ans: D

Q.10) What are the activities covered by landscaping or site preparation?
Ans: It covers the activities used for
the removal of soils and overburden
Disposal of wastes
and the modification of disturbed land and waste disposal sites.
Q.11) State the activities included in landscaping or site preparation.
Ans:
1) Contouring or reshaping the backfilled pits or dump of waste rock.
2) Installation of an effective drainage and sediment control system.
3) Covering of toxic wastes, barren waste rocks, and tailings with the previously stored topsoil.
4) Tillage operation
5) Prevention of erosion and excessive run-off by grading and levelling of top-dressed areas.
6) Pitting, gouging, and land imprinting.
7) Preparation of seed bed, including ploughing and application of mulches.

Q.12) Why Site preparation or landscaping is carried out?
Ans: This is carried out to improve the physical condition of the mined land, overburden, and waste disposal area for eventual land use.

.13) How the prepared site or land are used?
Ans: In most cases, the ultimate land use may be in the form of revegetation by agriculture, forestry, housing, and industries, a stadium for sports, wildlife habitats, water storage ponds, or pisciculture.
Q.14) If old dumps are used for revegetation or agriculture, then what should be the graded slope?
Ans: 1:4 or 1:5
Q.15) If old dumps are used for revegetation or agriculture, then what should be the thickness of topsoil layering?
Ans: 15-30 cm most cases 30 cm.
Q.16) Compacted topsoil of old dump is suitable for plantation. True or False.
Ans: False
Q.17) Which method is used to make compacted topsoil suitable for plantation?
Ans: Tillage Method: Ripping, Disking or harrowing.


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Mining Mirror
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