The Insane Science of Neutron Stars [4K]

In the late 1960s, a series of anomalous, repeating radio sources began cropping up all over the Milky Way galaxy, and though initially speculated to be messages from aliens, we soon learned that they are Pulsars, a rapidly rotating neutron star emitting high volumes of radiation. In this video, we will revisit these extreme, dense objects, as the final gateway faced by matter before it collapses into a black hole. This is the insane science of neutron stars.

More than 10,000 of you voted this video to the front of my queue. You wanted this topic more than the others I had in mind, so I hope it lives up to your expectations :)

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SOUNDTRACK:
Jokulls Loom (Storyblocks)
Be Here Now (Storyblocks)
Serenity (Storyblocks)
Falling Through a Dream (Storyblocks)
Sleep for Wellness (Storyblocks)
Peaceful Background Pad (Storyblocks)
Halloween in a Haunted House (Storyblocks)
Underworld (Storyblocks)
Dramatic Ambient Cinematic Music (Storyblocks)
Monomyth, The Fall (Scott Buckley): https://www.scottbuckley.com.au/libra...
Ambient Water (Storyblocks)
The Natural Ambient (Storyblocks)

The track by Scott Buckley was provided via a Creative Commons Attribution licence, which allows reuse where credit is given. Scott Buckley's website and library can be found at the following link: https://www.scottbuckley.com.au

FOOTAGE:
The space scenes in this video were captured using SpaceEngine Pro, a virtual universe simulator
(http://spaceengine.org/). Get it here on Steam:
https://store.steampowered.com/app/31...

Stock footage and graphic sequences were provided by Storyblocks Media:
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Some images and media sequences were provided by Vecteezy.com
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Many infographic sequences were provided by NASA, and the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Visualisation Studio:
https://www.nasa.gov
https://www.nasa.gov/goddard/

SOURCES OF INFORMATION:
Pulsars Overview: https://www.britannica.com/science/pu...
Neutron Star Gold Mines: https://www.astronomy.com/science/wha...
9 Types of Neutron Stars:
  / 9-types-of-neutron-stars  
D Bhattacharya, E.P.J van den Heuvel, "Formation and Evolution of Binary and Millisecond Radio Pulsars" https://www.sciencedirect.com/science...
Massive Magnetic Helium Star August 2023
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/s...
Magnetars and SGRs: https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science...
Xiao-LiZhang, Yong-Feng Huang and Ze-Cheng Zou, "Recent Progresses In Strange Quark Stars"
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2404.00363v1#
Strange Stars: https://www.popularmechanics.com/spac...
X-Ray Nov Sco 1994: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/articl...
Kip Thorne, A. N. Zytkow, "Stars with Neutron Degenerate Cores": https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/197...

CHAPTERS:
0:00 The Crab Nebula
1:55 How is a Neutron Star Formed?
7:24 Radio Pulsars
11:18 X-Ray Binary Pulsars
13:24 Millisecond Pulsars
16:51 Magnetars
20:42 Starquakes
23:49 When Neutron Stars Collide
29:09 Quark Stars
32:23 Strange Stars
36:03 Thorne-Zytkow Objects

The Insane Power of Pulsars, The Power of Pulsars, the Power of Neutron Stars
M1, Crab Nebula, Neutron Stars, Black Holes, Supernova, Gamma-Ray Burst, GRB,
Pulsar, Radio Pulsar, X-Ray Pulsar, Binary System, X-Ray Binary, Binary Neutron Stars, Accretion, Accretion-Powered Pulsars, Millisecond Pulsars, Recycled Pulsars, Magnetars
Soft Gamma-Ray Repeaters, Anomalous X-Ray Pulsars, Starquake, Kilonova, Chemical Kitchen
TOV Limit, Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff Limit, Solar Masses
Quark Star, Free Quarks, Up Quarks, Down Quarks, Quark Matter, Quark-Gluon plasma, Strange Quark Matter, Strange Matter, Strange Star, Strangelet
Thorne-Żytkow Object, Hybrid Star, Zyktow

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