Where was Allah before the Arsh? | by Shaykh Salih al Fawzan حَفِظَهُ ٱللّٰهُ

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته

The question "Where was Allah before the Arsh (Throne)?" is answered in a hadith reported by Abu Razin al-‘Uqayli, found in Ibn Majah and other collections.
Abu Razin asked the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ: “O Messenger of Allah, where was our Lord before He created His creation?” The Prophet replied: «كان في عماء ما تحته هواء وما فوقه هواء ثم خلق عرشه على الماء» — “He was in (above) ‘ama (عماء), with nothing above it and nothing below it, then He created His Throne upon the water”

Scholars have explained the word ‘ama (عماء) in several ways:

al-Tirmidhī said: Ahmad ibn Maniʿ reported from Yazīd ibn Hārūn that ʿAmāʾ means: nothing was with Him. ‘There was nothing beneath it’ — meaning: nothing beneath that ʿAmāʾ — ‘but air’ meaning atmosphere; thus the pronoun in ‘beneath it’ and ‘above it’ refers to the ʿAmāʾ. ‘And nothing above it but air.’ The word mā in both positions is negative, not relative. And it is also narrated: ‘He was in ʿAmā’ * (short vowel), meaning: nothing existed with Him, because it is something concealed and hidden from creation since it is not a thing. Then He created His Throne upon the water.”

it is also narrated as 'ama (shortened), meaning "darkness," or 'ama meaning "His affair is hidden from His creation." And Allah knows best

Al-Bayhaqi said: “‘Ama’ is a thin cloud, above which is air and below which is air”

Some of the Salaf (early scholars) said: “‘Ama’ here means ‘nothing’—there was nothing except Allah, and ‘nothing above him and nothing below him’ means there was no creation at all”

In summary, before the creation of the Throne, Allah was alone, and there was nothing else, and then he created the Throne and established himself above it.

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