Light – Reflection & Refraction | Spherical Mirror Image Formation | Class 10

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In this video, we continue Class 10 Science Chapter 9 – Light: Reflection and Refraction (Part 3) and study image formation by spherical mirrors, focusing on concave and convex mirrors.

This lecture explains how images are formed in different positions of the object, using ray diagrams, along with the nature, position, and size of images—exactly as required for NCERT and board exams.

📘 Topics Covered in This Video:

🔹 1. Image Formation by Concave Mirror

Ray diagrams and image characteristics when the object is placed:

At infinity

Beyond centre of curvature (C)

At centre of curvature (C)

Between C and F

At focus (F)

Between pole (P) and focus (F)


For each case, explained clearly:
✔ Position of image
✔ Size of image
✔ Nature of image (real/virtual, inverted/erect)

🔹 2. Image Formation by Convex Mirror

Ray diagram for convex mirror

Image formation for any object position

Characteristics of image:
✔ Always virtual and erect
✔ Always diminished
✔ Formed behind the mirror

🔹 3. Ray Diagrams – Step-by-Step Method

Rules for drawing ray diagrams

Use of principal rays

Common mistakes students make

Tips to score full marks in diagrams

🎯 What You Will Learn:

✔ How images are formed by concave and convex mirrors
✔ How to draw correct ray diagrams
✔ Nature, size, and position of images in each case
✔ Board-exam–ready explanations and concepts
✔ Strong foundation for numerical problems

📚 Perfect For:

Class 10 CBSE & NCERT Students

Board exam preparation

Students revising ray optics and mirrors

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