How to do Research Analysis using SPSS complete guide | Class 3 Part 2 Practical

The Beginner's Guide to Statistical Analysis | 5 Steps & Examples
Statistical analysis means investigating trends, patterns, and relationships using quantitative data. It is an important research tool used by scientists, governments, businesses, and other organizations.

To draw valid conclusions, statistical analysis requires careful planning from the very start of the research process. You need to specify your hypotheses and make decisions about your research design, sample size, and sampling procedure.

After collecting data from your sample, you can organize and summarize the data using descriptive statistics. Then, you can use inferential statistics to formally test hypotheses and make estimates about the population. Finally, you can interpret and generalize your findings.

This article is a practical introduction to statistical analysis for students and researchers. We’ll walk you through the steps using two research examples. The first investigates a potential cause-and-effect relationship, while the second investigates a potential correlation between variables.

Example: Causal research question
Can meditation improve exam performance in teenagers?
Example: Correlational research question
Is there a relationship between parental income and college grade point average (GPA)?

Table of contents
Step 1: Write your hypotheses and plan your research design
Step 2: Collect data from a sample
Step 3: Summarize your data with descriptive statistics
Step 4: Test hypotheses or make estimates with inferential statistics
Step 5: Interpret your results