Antibiotics, Antivirals, and Vaccines

Explore the basics of how antibiotics, antivirals, and vaccines work to help your immune system in the fight against pathogens! This Amoeba Sisters video also briefly introduces the lines of defense in the immune system and discusses how vaccines can be important for "herd immunity."

Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
0:24 Basics of Immune System
2:50 Antibiotics
4:35 Vaccines
5:41 Herd Immunity
7:14 Antivirals
8:04 One Last Thing- Pathogens Can Evolve (Flu Virus)

Factual References:
*OpenStax, Biology. OpenStax CNX. Nov 7, 2018 http://cnx.org/contents/185cbf87-c72e....
*Rubella Vaccine from CDC: https://www.cdc.gov/rubella/vaccinati...
*https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vac-gen/...
*SOME vaccines are contraindicated DURING pregnancy, which is why pregnant women can be a vulnerable population for some diseases if they lack immunity [mentioned when discussing herd immunity]. CDC General Vaccine Recommendation During Pregnancy: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pregnanc...
Keep in mind that, as the note states in the video, a woman may be vaccinated against rubella as a child but find out when pregnant that she has a "low titer" of Rubella antibodies and therefore be vulnerable. As the note mentions, some vaccines require "booster" doses.

Further Reading Suggestions:
-Importance of Vaccinations from CDC: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vac-gen/...

-What if we stopped vaccinating? from CDC https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vac-gen/...

-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...

-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...

-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2...

-Learn more about Herd Immunity here: https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article...

-Learn more about myths and facts regarding vaccines: https://www.texaschildrens.org/depart...


The Amoeba Sisters videos demystify science with humor and relevance. The videos center on Pinky's certification and experience in teaching biology at the high school level. For more information about The Amoeba Sisters, visit:
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We cover the basics in biology concepts at the secondary level. If you are looking to discover more about biology and go into depth beyond these basics, our recommended reference is the FREE, peer reviewed, open source OpenStax biology textbook: https://openstax.org/details/books/bi...

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