Анатомия сердца – Внешние и Внутренние структуры

Content:
0:00 Introduction
0:33 Blood Circulation System
2:57 External Structures of the Heart
4:51 Internal Structures of the Heart
5:51 Right Atrium
10:35 Right Ventricle
14:18 Left Atrium
15:35 Left Ventricle

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The images featured in this video are sourced from the Complete Anatomy program by ‪@CompleteAnatomyElsevier‬, used under licensed permission.

Blood Circulation in the Body:
Pulmonary Circulation (Circulus Sanguid Minor):
○ Deoxygenated blood comes from the body into the right atrium through the superior and inferior vena cava.
○ Blood goes through the Tricuspid valve into the right ventricle
○ The right ventricle pumps blood through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery
○ The pulmonary artery pumps blood into the lungs
Circulus Sanguis major (Systemic Circulation):
○ Blood comes from the lungs into the left Atria
○ The left atria send blood through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle.
○ The left ventricle sends blood through the Aortic Valve into the Aorta
○ Aorta sends blood to the body again

External Structures of the Heart:
Apex of the Heart (Apex Cordis)
Base of the Heart (Basis Cordis)
Pulmonary Surface (Facies Pulmonalis)
Sternocostal Surface (Facies Sternocostalis)
Diaphragmatic Surface (Facies Diaphragmatica)
Right Border of the heart / Right Margin of the heart (Margo Dexter Cordis)
Coronary Sulcus (Sulcus Coronarius)
Anterior Interventricular Sulcus (Sulcus Interventricularis Anterior)
Posterior Interventricular Sulcus (Sulcus Interventriculare Posterior)

Internal Structures of the Heart:
Septum of the Heart (Septum Cordis)
○ Interventricular Septum (Septum Interventriculare)
§ Muscularis Part (Pars Muscularis)
§ Membranous Part (pars Membranacea)
○ Interatrial Septum (Septum Interatriale)

Anatomy of the right atrium:
Anterior Wall: Right Auricle (Auricula Dextra)
Lateral Wall: Right Auricle (Auricula Dextra)
○ Pectinate Muscle (Musculus Pectinati) in the auricle
Superior Wall: Opening of Superior Vena Cava (Ostium Vena Cava Superioris)
Posterior Wall:
○ Opening of Inferior Vena Cava (Ostium Vena Cava Inferiores)
○ Sinus of Vena Cava (Sinus Venarum) (Sinus Venarum Cavarum)
○ Terminal Crest (Crista Terminalis)
○ Valve of the Inferior Vena Cava (Vulva Venae Cavae Inferioris)
Medial Wall: Interatrial Septum
○ Oval Fossa (Fossa OValis)
○ Border of Fossa Ovale (Limbius Fossa Ovale)
○ Opening for Coronary Sinus (Ostium Sinus Coronarii)
○ Valve for the coronary sinus (Vulva Sinus Coronarii)
○ Openings of smallest cardiac veins (Foramina Venarum Minmarum)
Inferior Wall:
○ Right Atrioventricular Opening (Ostium Atrioventriculare Dextrum)
○ Tricuspid Valve

Right Ventricle:
Base:
○ Right Atrioventricular Opening
○ Opening of Pulmonary Trunk (Ostium Trunci Pulmonalis)
Trabeculae Carneae
Papillary Muscles (Musculi Papillares)
Tricuspid Valve
○ Anterior cusp
○ Posterior cusp
○ Septal cust
○ Formed by Endocardium
○ Fibrous Ring (Anulus Fibrosus)
○ Tendinous Chord (Chordae Tendineae)
Pulmonary Valve
○ Semilunar Cusps
○ Fibrous Ring
○ Nodules of the semilunar valve (Noduli Vulva Semilunaris)
○ Sinuses of Pulmonary Trunk (Sinus Trunci Pulmonalis)

Left Atrium
Anterior Wall:
○ Left Auricle (Auricula Sinister)
○ Pectinate Muscle
Posterior Wall:
○ Pulmonary Veins
○ Openings of Pulmonary Veins (Ostia Venarum Pulmonalium)
Medial Wall:
○ Interatrial Septum
Anterior Wall:
○ Left Atrioventricular Opening (Ostium Atrioventriculare Sinister)
○ Mitral Valve

Left Ventricle
Left Atrioventricular Opening
○ Bicuspid Valve (Mitral Valve)
○ Anterior Cusp (Cuspis Anterior)
○ Posterior Cusp (Cuspis POsterior)
○ Commissural Cusps (Cuspides Comissurales)
Aortic Opening (Ostium Aortae)
○ Aortic Vestibule (Vestibulum Aortae)
○ Aortic Valve (Vulva Aortae)
○ Right Semilunar Cusp
○ Posterior Semilunar Cusp
○ Left Semilunar Cusp
Trabeculae Carneae
Papillary Muscles
Tendinous Chords

Sources used in this video:
Memorix Anatomy 2nd Edition by Hudák Radovan (Author), Kachlík David (Author), Volný Ondřej (Author)
Complete Anatomy by 3d4medical
Biorender
University notes and lectures