Hadees Aur Usool e Muhaddiseen | Allama Kamran Shehzad | Noorain Academy

Ahadees Aur Usul e Muhaddiseen | Allama Kamran Shehzad

Speaker: Allama Kamran Shehzad
Presented by: Noorain Academy

It has been described by one hadith specialist, Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti, as the science of the principles by which the conditions of both the sanad, the chain of narration, and the matn, the text of the hadith, are known. This science is concerned with the sanad and the matn with its objective being distinguishing the sahih, authentic, from other than it. Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani said the preferred definition is: knowledge of the principles by which the condition of the narrator and the narrated are determined.

Hadith studies (Arabic: علم الحديث‎ ʻilm al-ḥadīth "science of hadith", also science of hadith, or science of hadith criticism or hadith criticism) consists of several religious scholarly disciplines used in the study and evaluation of the Islamic hadith—i.e. the record of the words, actions, and the silent approval of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, by Muslim scholars.

Determining authenticity of hadith is enormously important in Islam because along with the Quran, the Sunnah of the Islamic prophet—his words, actions, and the silent approval—are considered divine revelation (wahy), and the record of them (i.e. hadith) provides the basis of Islamic law (Sharia). In addition, while the number of verses pertaining to law in the Quran is relatively few, hadith give direction on everything from details of religious obligations (such as Ghusl or Wudu, ablutions[3] for salat prayer), to the correct forms of salutations and the importance of benevolence to slaves.[5] Thus the "great bulk" of the rules of Islamic law are derived from hadith, rather than the Quran.

Because hadith were passed down orally and not compiled in written works until around the third century of Islam, there is no ancient written documentation to examine. Thus, according to the classical science of hadith, there are three primary ways to determine the authenticity (sihha) of a hadith: by attempting to determine whether there are "other identical reports from other transmitters"; determining the reliability of the transmitters of the report; and "the continuity of the chain of transmission" of the hadith.

►the study of the gharib al-hadith, whose works provide "a kind of hadith glossary" of uncommon words found in hadith
►the study of ilel al-hadith, which examines deficiencies in the text and/or the chain of a hadith
study of al-hadith al-muhtelif, which attempts to reconcile the contradictions of hadith
►the study of naskh or nasikh and mansukh in hadith, which also attempts to reconcile contradictions in hadiths, but by determining which of the contradicting hadith abrogates the other
study of sharh al-hadith, which are commentary on hadith that attempt "to explain the intentions Prophet Muhammad"
►study of ʿilm jarḥ wa taʿdīl (wounding and rectifying), which attempts to verify the reliability of transmitters of hadith, their deficiencies and virtues
►study of transmitters of hadith, ʿilm al-rijāl (science of men) which provides biographies of the narrators and the different categories they fall under.


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