🌻¹⁴☆•² Black Elder (Sambucus nigra) in Elder Family (Viburnaceae)
Автор: Nature & Species
Загружено: 2024-09-22
Просмотров: 39
▪︎ (Sambucus nigra) Black Elder, European Elder in Elder Family (Viburnaceae) native to Europe, southwestern Asia & northern Africa.
Genus name comes from Latin name, perhaps connected with Sambuca a kind of harp. Specific Epithet comes from Latin word for black in obvious reference to berry color. Word 'elderberry' comes from two different sources: Anglo-Saxon word aeld, which means 'fire' or 'to kindle' & Greek word sambuce, which refers to an ancient flute-like instrument.
¹Aeld - name comes from hollowed-out stems of elderberry, which were used to blow on kindling from a safe distance.
²Sambuce - botanical name comes from Greek word sambuke, which means 'a musical pipe'. Name comes from ancient wind instrument, which was made by removing pith from twigs to make whistles.
Is a deciduous, somewhat sprawling, multi-stemmed shrub (occasionally a small tree) . It typically grows to 8-20’ (less frequently to 30') tall.
It is particularly noted for its aromatic late spring flowers & its edible fruits (Elderberries).
Compound pinnate leaves (to 10” long) are dark green. Each leaf contains 3-7 serrate, ovate to elliptic leaflets (to 5” long). Leaves have an unpleasant aroma when cut or crushed.
Tiny White flowers in large flattened umbel-like cymes (to 10” across) bloom in June-July. Flowers have a musky fragrance.
Flowers give way to clusters of glossy black Elderberry fruits (each to 3/8” across) in late summer. Fruits have been used to make jams, jellies & pie fillings, but are not considered to be as flavorful as American Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis).
Fruits & flowers have also been used to make elderberry wine. Fruits are attractive to birds & wildlife. Species plants are infrequently sold in commerce, but a large number of smaller cultivars featuring purple foliage, variegated foliage, double flowers or berry colors other than black have become popular landscape plants.
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🌻 Clade Superasterids (139,266), 6,537 Genera
¹⁸☆ Order Berberidopsidales (4), 3
¹⁹☆ Order Santalales (2517), 187
²⁰☆ Order Caryophyllales (14145), 797
● ♤ Clade Asterids (122,600), 5550
♤ Clade Asterids (122,600), 5550
¹⁶☆ Order Cornales (738), 43
¹⁷☆ Order Ericales (14351), 373
● ♤ Clade Euasterids (107,511), 5134
○ ♤ Clade Lamiids (59,980), 2587
○ ♤ Clade Campanulids (47,531), 2547
♤ Clade Lamiids (59,980), 2587
¹☆ Order Icacinales (164) , 25
²☆ Order Metteniusales (66), 11
³☆ Order Garryales (30), 3
⁴☆ Order Boraginales (3468), 155
⁵☆ Order Gentianales (23160), 1100
⁶☆ Order Vahliales (5), 1
⁷☆ Order Lamiales (28315), 1127
⁸☆ Order Solanales (4772), 165
♤ Clade Campanulids (47,531), 2547
⁹☆ Order Aquifoliales (625), 4
¹⁰☆ Order Asterales (39395), 1946
¹¹☆ Order Escalloniales (148), 8
¹²☆ Order Bruniales (88), 9
¹³☆ Order Apiales (5901), 531
¹⁴☆ Order Dipsacales (1337), 46
¹⁵☆ Order Paracryphiales (37), 3
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¹⁴☆ Order Dipsacales (1337), 46 Genera
•¹ Family Caprifoliaceae (1108), 39 - Honeysuckle Family
•² Family Viburnaceae (229), 5 - Viburnum Family
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•² Family Viburnaceae (229), 5 - Viburnum Family
◇¹ Subfamily Adoxoideae (26), 4
▪︎ Genus Adoxa (1)
▪︎ Genus Sambucus (23)
▪︎ Genus Sinadoxa (1)
▪︎ Genus Tetradoxa (1)
◇² Subfamily Opuloideae (203), 1
▪︎ Genus Viburnum (203), 1
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