IMPOSSIBLE CRIME | CRIMINOLOGIST LICENSURE EXAMINATION

IMPOSSIBLE CRIME | CRIMINOLOGIST LICENSURE EXAMINATION

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WHAT IS AN IMPOSSIBLE CRIME?

An impossible crime is one where the act performed by the offender would have been an offense against persons or property were it not for the inherent impossibility of its accomplishment or on account of the employment of inadequate or ineffectual means (Art. 4, par. 2, RPC).

A person committing an impossible crime incurs criminal liability.

Inherently Impossible of Accomplishment

Factual or Physical Impossibility – it occurs when extraneous circumstances unknown to the perpetrator prevent the commission of the intended crime, i.e. stabbing (with intent to kill) a dead person

Legal Impossibility – It occurs when an essential element of the crime is not present during its commission making it impossible of accomplishment, i.e. picking an empty pocket.

ANG "IMPOSSIBLE CRIME" O KRIMEN NA IMPOSIBLE NA GAWIN O MAGAWA KATULAD NG PAGBARIL O PAGSAKSAK SA ISANG TAONG PATAY NA AY PINAPARUSAHAN PA RIN NG REVISED PENAL CODE NG KULONG.

Ang Kodigo Penal ng Pilipinas o ang Revised Penal Code of the Philippines ay ang pinaglalagyan ng mga batas tungkol sa mga krimen na pinaparusahan at mga penalty para dito. Ang pagkakaroon ng Revised Penal Code ay isa sa mga paraan ng isang Estado na parusahan ang sinuman na gumugulo sa katahimikan ng pamayanan at kasama dito ay ang pagpaparusa sa mga potential na ggagawa pa ng krimen.

Isa sa mga interesting na batas ng Revised Penal Code ay ang pagpaparusa sa "Impossible Crime" o Krimen na imposible maganap o gawin. Ang impossible crime ay nasa Article 4, Paragraph 2 ng Revised Penal Code kung saan sinasabi na ang sinumang tao ay may pananagutang kriminal kung siya ay gumagawa ng isang aksyon na kung saan ay magiging isang pagkakasala laban sa mga tao o ari-arian, dangan lamang na taglay nito na hindi ito mangyayari o imposibleng magaganap o gawa nito ng paggamit ng walang sapat na o walang saysay o bisa na kagamitan o paraan:

Art. 4. Criminal liability. — Criminal liability shall be incurred:

2. By any person performing an act which would be an offense against persons or property, were it not for the inherent impossibility of its accomplishment or an account of the employment of inadequate or ineffectual means.

Isang example ng "impossible Crime" ay sa isang kaso ng Supreme Court ng Jacinto vs. People of the Philippines, G.R. No. 162540, July 13, 2009, kung saan ang isang empleyadong kolektor ng kumpanya ay nakakolekta ng tseke worth P10,000 at imbes na ibigay sa kumpanya ay kanya itong dineposit sa bank account ng kanyang brother-in-law. Hindi nila alam na Closed Account na ang checking account. Nagdemanda ang kumpanya ng qualified theft ngunit sinabi ng Supreme Court na ito ay impossible crime dahil hindi makukuha ang P10,000 dahil ang bank account ay closed na.

Isang tao ay galit sa kanyang kapitbahay at binalak niya itong patayin sa kanyang bahay. Isang gabi ay palihim siyang pumasok ng bahay dala ang kutsilyo at nakita niya ang natutulog na kaaway sa kuwarto pero hindi niya alam na ito pala ay matagal ng patay gawa ng heart attack. Sinaksak niya ng marami ang patay na kaaway. Ito ay impossible crime.

Nasa Article 59 ng Revised Penal Code ang penalty sa Impossible Crime which is 1 month and 1 day to 6 months na imprisonment or a fine from 200 to 500 pesos.

Art. 59. Penalty to be imposed in case of failure to commit the crime because the means employed or the aims sought are impossible. — When the person intending to commit an offense has already performed the acts for the execution of the same but nevertheless the crime was not produced by reason of the fact that the act intended was by its nature one of impossible accomplishment or because the means employed by such person are essentially inadequate to produce the result desired by him, the court, having in mind the social danger and the degree of criminality shown by the offender, shall impose upon him the penalty of arresto mayor or a fine from 200 to 500 pesos.

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