Understanding Cache Components a Deep Dive into System Design reducing latency and boosting performa

Caches are essential in system design for reducing latency and boosting performance. But what makes a good cache?
In this video, we break down the 3 most crucial components of a robust caching system:

🔑 1. Key-Value Store
A fast and efficient data structure (like HashMap, OrderedDict) to store and retrieve items with O(1) time complexity.

♻️ 2. Eviction Policies
Understand how LRU, LFU, FIFO, and TTL-based policies determine what stays and what goes when your cache is full.

⏳ 3. TTL / Expiry Mechanism
Ensure stale data is removed by implementing time-based expiry strategies—just like Redis or other distributed systems.

🧪 Live Examples:
Java HashMap, LinkedHashMap for LRU

Python dict, OrderedDict for key-value and eviction logic

Java TTL mechanism using timestamp comparisons

Python TTL using Unix time

💡 Whether you're:
Preparing for a system design interview

Building your own caching system

Learning how frameworks like Redis, Ehcache, or Guava manage cache

👉 This deep dive will help you build strong fundamentals.
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