Parallel Planes in Rock Art – Intl Federation of Rock Art Organizations (IFRAO) Inter-Congress 2023

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The preponderance of Iberian Upper Paleolithic rock art is found on the walls of deep caves. Rock art around the world has since been mainly made on fully exposed surfaces, under rock shelters and in shallow caves. Why Iberian Upper Paleolithic artists chose deep cave locations has been a longstanding question with varied explanations. The act of making rock art in deep caves would have been challenging if not hazardous, suggesting a clear purpose in the choice of locations. One possible intention for Upper Paleolithic artists in selecting deep cave walls is that their images could have parallel symbology between physically separated terrestrial and underworld cave planes. Images of terrestrial fauna and flora images are well established during the Upper Paleolithic in northern Iberian deep caves but, possible depictions of terrestrial geological formations inside them have had little examination.

In this study, Upper Paleolithic parietal images from deep caves on the northern Iberian Peninsula were examined for matches with geological formations observed outside of those caves. Fifteen matches were found, including sacred mountains among the Basque. The findings indicate that some Iberian Upper Paleolithic rock art was intentionally designed to depict parallel symbolic terrestrial and underworld cave planes.

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#IFRAO #RockArt #CavePaintings #InternationalFederationofRockArtOrganizations #CaliforniaRockArtFoundation #waltnauta #caveart #Prehistory #CentroCamunodiStudiPreistorici #CentroCamuno #horses #animism #shamanism