Basic Survival Training - Use This Distress Signal If Lost - Smoke Signal

The smoke signal is built on a tripod, the tripod will let in a lot of air for the fire to burn faster and better. The tripod is usually placed on a hill or on an open spot so that the smoke will be more visible. This means that the smoke signal(s) you build is rarely placed directly at your fireplace or at your shelter location. You will most likely have to build a touch of some kind to be able to transport a flame from your fire/campsite to your smoke signal. I usually build a touch by splitting a wrist-sized birch branch at the top and then filling it with birch bark. This usually lasts for 50-100m so if you have your smoke signal further away, you will need more torches. The material I use in the smoke signal is dry spruce branches combined with birch bark for a good and fast flame and the green spruce branches on top to make it smoke. I find spruce branches to be the best to make it smoke but any green/wet type of tree branch will do the trick, like pine or birch. Don't build the smoke signal under trees, the smoke will be less visible going through the tree branches and will be spread out, you want a thick smoke pillar for it to work the best. A good smoke signal put in the right place with the right conditions outside should be visible at around 2000m (6500ft). If you don't have the time to build a smoke signal like this, you could just throw a bunch of spruce branches on the fire to get good smoke. Building a tripod works better, but it's more time-consuming. The common duress signal is three, so build three smoke signals in a triangle or in a row for the best effect and to make sure the people you are signaling to know that you are in need of help. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask them in the comment section.

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Smoke Signal - Signaling for Help in Emergency Situations - Distress Signal If Lost