Metabolism | Glycogenesis

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Ninja Nerds!
In this metabolism lecture, Professor Zach Murphy walks you through the biochemical pathway of Glycogenesis, the anabolic process by which glucose is stored as glycogen in the liver and skeletal muscle for future energy needs. This lecture highlights how the body manages excess glucose during the fed state, emphasizing the enzymes, regulation, and clinical relevance of glycogen synthesis.

We begin by outlining the initial phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, followed by its isomerization to glucose-1-phosphate and subsequent activation into UDP-glucose. From there, you’ll learn how glycogen synthase, the key rate-limiting enzyme, incorporates glucose units into growing glycogen chains. In contrast, the branching enzyme introduces α(1,6) linkages that increase solubility and storage efficiency.

The lecture then focuses on the hormonal regulation of glycogenesis, with insulin acting as the primary stimulator through dephosphorylation and activation of glycogen synthase. We also discuss the role of phosphoprotein phosphatases and how glucagon and epinephrine shut down this pathway during fasting or stress.

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