Sultan Abdul Hamid II: Hero or Villain? The Last Guardian of the Ottoman Empire

Was Sultan Abdulhamid II a ruthless dictator, or the last hero who tried to save a dying empire?
This documentary tells the untold story of the Ottoman Empire’s final powerful ruler, from the Russo-Turkish War 1877 and the Treaty of San Stefano, to Zionist diplomacy, Pan-Islamism, the Young Turks Revolution, and the ultimate end of the Caliphate.

Discover how Abdulhamid’s policies of “Divide and Survive”, his Berlin-to-Baghdad Railway, and his dream of Muslim unity changed world politics, and why his refusal to sell Palestine to Theodor Herzl still echoes through history.

In the end, was he the Red Sultan the West despised, or the Last Caliph the Muslim world lost?
Watch till the end and decide for yourself: Hero or Villain?

Chapters:
00:00 - Intro
01:53 - Hero or Villain?
06:14 - The Grandmaster's Moves
13:06 - The Iron Fist
19:40 - The New Enemy
24:31 - When the Guardian Fell

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