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Today I'm gonna talk about
12.1 Social Domain
12.1.1 Health
12.1.2 Environment
12.1.3 Education
12.2 Sports
12.3 Cultural Heritage and Tourism

12.1 Social Domain
India’s transformation is reflected in
the social domain also. The government is
actively trying to reduce the social disparity
and to bring all classes in the society in
the mainstream of economic development.
In this regard, the ‘Human Rights Protection
Act 1993’ is important. ‘National Human
Rights Commission’ was established under
this act. Its objective is to protect
fundamental human rights, like the right to
life, equality, etc. and to see that nobody
is deprived of these rights. According to
this Act the Commission can act on the
basis of a report of a case of deprivation
of fundamental human rights, published in
newspaper or other media (‘Sui Moto
Cognisance’). A complaint can be lodged
by a social activist or a social institute on
behalf of the victim. In 2005 the ‘Domestic
Violence Act’ was passed. This Act was
formed to provide protection to women
from domestic violence. The most important
provision in this Act is the right of a
woman on the house where she has been
residing, even if she doesn’t own the house.
According to 2011 census the sex ratio
in India, is alarming. The ration of girls is
very low. In the age group of 0-1years the
number of girls is 914 against 1000 boys.

12.1.1 Health
Polio eradication : The transformation
of India was bound to reflect in the field
of ‘Health’. In 1995 the health department
of the Indian government launched the
campaign, dubbed as ‘Pulse Polio’. ‘World Health Organisation – WHO’,
UNICEF, Rotary International
and
Government of India. This campaign was
for the eradication of polio. The campaign
was run with a determination not to leave
a single child under the age of five years
without administering polio vaccination.
AYUSH : The ‘Ministry of Health and
Family Welfare’ of the Government of
India opened a new department for
developing alternate medicine like Ayurveda,
Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Homeopathy,
etc. Since 2009, this department is known
as ‘Department of Ayurveda, Yoga and
Naturopathy, Unani Medicine, Siddha and
Homeopathy’ (AYUSH). It is working for
the development of syllabi and education
of these branches of medicine, advanced
research, standardisation of medicine, etc.

12.1.2 Environment
Most of the states in India are facing
the problem of increasing air pollution. The
pollution caused by automobiles is an issue
of great worry. The ‘Centre for Science and
Environment’ studied the problem of
pollution in Delhi and made the public
aware of it severity. It has been proved
that the cause of pollution in Delhi is
basically the increasing number of
automobile, vehicles with poor maintenance
running on the street that cause emission
containing poisonous gases and carbon
particles. The heritage monuments in Delhi
are also getting affected because of the
pollution.

Efforts of a number of environment
activists have contributed significantly to
environment conservation and preservation.
Among them, Sundarlal Bahuguna (‘Chipko’
Movement), Medha Patkar (‘Narmada
Bachao’ Movement) and Dr. Rajendra
Singh (Water Conservation) are some
prominent names.

Rahibai Popere : On 8th March 2018,
Rahibai Popere was felicitated by the
President of India by ‘Nari Shakti Award’.

Bhau Katdare : Bhau Katdare and his
Bhau Katdare
associates work for the
conservation of nature
through an institute,
called ‘Sahyadri Nisarg
Mitra’. In 1999, Bhau
Katdare read about the
‘White-breasted
Sea
Eagle’ as an endangered
species. He began his
work in Ratnagiri district, to save and
conserve this bird. He created public
awareness about this bird, by trekking the
sea coast of the district. In this he found
out 62 nesting sites of the bird. While
doing this, he and his associates detected
some instances of smuggling of the nests
of birds known as ‘Indian Swiftlets’ (Pakoli)
at Bandra island, which is located near
Vengurla Rocks, in the vicinity of the
Nivati port in Sindhudurg district. The nests
were smuggled out and sold in foreign
countries. There was a need to save these
birds and their nests. ‘Sahyadri Nisarg
Mitra’ worked in that direction. As a result
Indian Swiftlets were included in Schedule
‘I’ (a list of wildlife, offence against which
is punishable) of the ‘Wildlife Protection
Act 1972’. This is a remarkable contribution
of ‘Sahyadri Nisarga Mitra’

Premsagar Mestri :

Two species of vultures, ‘Long billed
Vultures’ and ‘White back Vultures’, are
observed in the region around Raigad.

‘Society
for Eco Endangered Species
Conservation and Protection-SEESCAP’,

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