B.Sc.1st Sem Botany One Shot​ Microbiology and Plant Pathology Notes

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​"Is video mein MJPRU aur sabhi UP Universities ke B.Sc 1st Semester Botany ke paper 'Microbiology and Plant Pathology' ka complete revision 'One Shot' mein kiya gaya hai. Exam 2026 ke liye sabhi important questions aur diagrams cover kiye gaye hain."
light microscopy, sample preparation for electron microscopy. Common equipment of microbiologylab and principle
of their working – autoclave, oven, laminar air flow, centrifuge. Colorimetry and spectrophotometry, immobilization
methods, fermentation and fermenters.
8
II Microbial world
Cell structure of Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria, Structure of a bacteria;
Bacterial Chemotaxis and Quorum sensing, Bacterial Growth curve, factors affecting growth of microbes;
measurement of growth; Batch culture, fed batch culture and continuous culture; Synchronous growth of microbes;
Sporulation and reproduction and recombination in bacteria.
Viruses, general characteristics, viral culture, Structure of viruses, Bacteriophages, Structure of T4 &, λ-phage; Lytic
and Lysogenic cycles, viroid, Prions & mycoplasma & phytoplasma, Actinomycetes & plasmids and their economic
uses.
8
III Phycology
Range of thallus organization in Algae, Pigments, Reserve food –Reproduction - Classification and life cycle of –
Nostoc, Chlorella, Volvox, Hydrodictyon, Oedogonium, Chara; Sargassum, Ectocarpus, Polysiphonia.
Economic importance of algae - Role of algae in soil fertility- biofertilizer – Nitrogen fixation- Symbiosis; Commercial
products of algae –biofuel, Agar.
7
IV Mycology
General characteristics, nutrition, life cycle, Economic importance of Fungi, Classification upto class. Distinguishing
characters of Myxomycota: General characters of Mastigomycotina, Zygomycota: Rhizopus, Ascomycota:
Saccharomyces, Penicillium, Peziza. Basidiomycotina: Ustilago, Puccinia, Agaricus; Deuteromycotina: Fusarium,
Alternaria. Heterothallism, Physiological specialization, Heterokaryosis & Parasexuality.
7
V Mushroom Cultivation, Lichenology & Mycorrhiza
Mushroom cultivation.
General account of lichens, reproduction and significance; Mycorrhiza: ectomycorrhiza and endomycorrhiza and their
significance.
7
VI Plant Pathology
Disease concept, Symptoms, Etiology & causal complex, Primary and secondary inoculum, Infection, Pathogenicity
and pathogenesis, Koch’s Postulates. Mechanism of infection Resistance- Systemic acquired and Induced systemic fungicides- Bordeaux mixture, Lime Sulphur,
Tobacco decoction, Neem cake & oil
7
VII Diseases and Control
Symptoms, Causal organism, Disease cycle and Control measures of – Early & Late Blight of Potato, False Smut of
Rice/ Brown spot of rice, Black Stem Rust of Wheat, Alternaria spot’ and ‘White rust of Crucifers, Red Rot of
Sugarcane, Wilting of Arhar, Mosaic diseases on tobacco and cucumber, yellow vein mosaic of bhindi; Citrus Canker,
Little leaf of brinjal; Damping off of seedlings, Disease management: Quarantine, Chemical, Biological, Integrated
pest disease management
Food fermentations and food produced by microbes, amino acids, Production of antibiotics, enzymes, vitamins,
alcoholic beverages, organic acid & genetic recombinant vaccines. Mass production of bacterial biofertilizers, blue
green algae, Azolla and mycorrhiza. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria & biopesticides–– Trichoderma sp. and
Pseudomonas, Single cell proteins, Organic farming inputs, Microbiology of water, Bioploymers, Bioindicators,
biosensors, Bioremediation, Production of biofuels, biodegradation of pollutants and biodeterioration of materials &
Cultural Property.
BSc 1st Sem Botany One Shot, Microbiology and Plant Pathology BSc, MJPRU BSc Botany Important Questions, Botany Paper 1 One Shot Revision, Microbiology BSc 1st Year Hindi, Plant Pathology Important Topics, BSc Botany Exam 2025, Tobacco Mosaic Virus BSc Botany, Citrus Canker and Red Rot of Sugarcane, Gram Positive vs Gram Negative Bacteria BSc.BSc 1st Sem Botany One Shot
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