Chemical Methods of Weed Control

Chemical Methods of Weed Control
Herbicidal Control of Weeds
Herbicides are chemicals capable of killing or inhibiting the growth of plants.
It has saved farmers of undue, repeated interculturalists and hoeing, and has helped him in obtaining satisfactory weed control where physical methods often fail.
Today, we have over 1501 herbicides in common use for selective and non-selective weed control in different areas.
These chemicals vary greatly in their
(a) molecular structures,
(b) mobility within plants,
(c) selectivity,
(d) fate in soils, and
(e) response to environment.

Benefits of Herbicides
Some other benefits of using herbicides include
(a) fewer labour problems,
(b) greater possibility of farm mechanization,
(c) easier crop harvesting and
(d) lower cost of farm produce.
In dry land agriculture, effective herbicidal control ensures higher water use by crops and less crop failures due to drought.

Limitations of Herbicides
1. There is no automatic signal to stop a farmer who may be applying the chemical inaccurately till he sees the results in the crops sprayed or in the rotation crops that follow.
2. Even when herbicides are applied accurately, these may interact with environment to produce un-intended results.
3. Herbicide drifts, wash-of, and run-off can cause considerable damage to the neighboring crops.
4. Depending upon the diversity in farming, a variety of herbicides must be stocked on a farm to control weeds in different fields.
5. On the contrary, for physical control of weeds a farmer has to possess only one or two kinds of weeding implements for his entire farm.
6. Herbicidal control requires considerable skill on the part of the user. He must be able to identify his weeds and possess considerable knowledge about herbicides and their proper usages. Sometimes, an error in the use of herbicides can be very costly.
7. In herbicide treated soils, usually, crop failures cannot be made up by planning a different crop of choice.
8. The selection of the replacement crop has to be based on its tolerance to the herbicide already applied.

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