Grade 5 | Science | Unit 2 - Concept 2 - Lesson 3 - Properties of matter

Welcome dear students!
1. You can observe the physical properties with your five senses.
2. You can use words such as rough, blue, round and sweet to describe the physical properties.
SECOND | Chemical properties
Chemical properties of a material can be observed and measured by the changes that happen in this material when it interacts with other materials. Examples of chemical properties
The ability to burn :
Such as when a paper interacts with fire, the paper becomes ash. The ability to rust :
Such as when an iron nail interacts with water and air, the iron nail rusts.
Volume and Mass
Volume
• Definition: It is the amount of space that matter takes up.
• The measuring units of volume are:
• Liters (L).
• Milliliters (mL).
• Cubic centimeters (cm³).
• Conversion: 1L = 1000 mL = 1000 cm³
• Example: A big bottle of water contains 1 liter or more.
Mass
• Definition: It is a measure of the amount of matter.
• The measuring units of mass are:
• Kilogram (Kg).
• Gram (g).
• Conversion: 1 Kg = 1000 g
• Example: A paperclip has a mass about 1 gram.
Note: One liter of water has a mass of 1 kilogram.
Temperature
• In the previous concept, you have learned that matter is made up of particles that are in continuous motion.
• Temperature is a measure of how quickly the particles in a matter are moving.
Notes
1. Quickly moving particles produce more thermal energy (heat) than slower moving particles.
2. Volume, mass and temperature are properties of matter that you can measure.
Tools
Basin containing water – Magnet – Balance – Stone – Iron nail – Piece of wood – Piece of cork.
Steps
1. Hold the magnet near to each of the previous substances, and observe what substances are attracted to the magnet.
2. Measure the mass of each substance by using the balance.
3. Put all substances in the basin that contains water to observe which materials will float and which will sink.
4. Record your results in the following table.
Observations
• Stone:
• Attracted to magnet or not: Not attracted
• Mass (g): 50
• Sink or float: Sinks
• Iron nail:
• Attracted to magnet or not: Attracted
• Mass (g): 30
• Sink or float: Sinks
• Piece of wood:
• Attracted to magnet or not: Not attracted
• Mass (g): 100
• Sink or float: Floats
• Piece of cork:
• Attracted to magnet or not: Not attracted
• Mass (g): 20
• Sink or float: Floats
Conclusions
• Some substances are attracted to the magnet and some other substances are not attracted to the magnet.
• Floating and sinking of a substance doesn’t depend on its mass.
Does the shape and size affect the mass of a material?
1. The shape of a material
Changing the shape of a material doesn’t affect its mass.
2. The size of a material
If you cut an apple in two halves and measure the mass of one half, the mass would be nearly half the mass of the original apple.
In front of you three materials, observe the data of each of them to compare between their properties.
Material (1)
• Mass: 189 g
• Length: 37 cm
• Volume: 100 ml
Material (2)
• Mass: 150 g
• Length: 55 cm
• Volume: 115 ml
Material (3)
• Mass: 99 g
• Length: 70 cm
• Volume: 40 ml
Based on the previous data we can conclude that:
• Material (1) has the biggest mass although it doesn't have the largest volume.
• Material (2) has the largest volume although it doesn't have the biggest mass.
• Material (3) is the longest one.
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Mr. Raouf Ashraf