Who was Ghiyasuddin Balban? - غیاث الدین بلبن کون تھا؟ - गयासुद्दीन बलबन कौन था? - Zia Ul Mustafa

Who was Ghiyasuddin Balban? - غیاث الدین بلبن کون تھا؟ - गयासुद्दीन बलबन कौन था? - Zia Ul Mustafa

Ghiyasuddin Balban was the ninth Sultan of the Mamluk dynasty of Delhi, ruling from 1266 to 1287. Born as Baha Ud Din in 1216, he was an Ilbari Turk who was captured by the Mongols as a young man and later sold to a Sufi, Khawaja Jamal-ud-din of Basra. He was then brought to Delhi in 1232 and purchased by Iltutmish, the founder of the Delhi Sultanate.

Key Achievements:
Strengthening the Sultanate: Balban played a crucial role in strengthening the Delhi Sultanate by suppressing the Turkish nobles, known as the Chihalgani, and defending against Mongol invasions.
Military Campaigns: He led successful military campaigns against the Mewatis, who were plundering Delhi, and against the governor of Bengal, Tughral Tughan Khan, who had revoked the authority of Delhi.
Administrative Reforms: Balban introduced rigorous court discipline, including prostration before the king and kissing his feet. He also reorganized the military and revenues of the Iqtadars.
Cultural Contributions: Balban was a patron of the Persian language and introduced the Persian festival of Nowruz (meaning New Year). He encouraged Persian poetry and maintained that the Sultan was the "shadow of God".

Legacy:
Balban's reign is considered one of the most powerful and stable periods of the Delhi Sultanate. He earned a reputation for being a just and fair ruler, and his administrative reforms had a lasting impact on the Sultanate. Despite his advanced age when he ascended to the throne, Balban proved to be a capable and effective leader who successfully defended his kingdom against external threats and maintained order within his realm.¹ ² ³

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