Class (04) = History and Development of Pharmacognosy | History of Pharmacognosy (Part-02)

Download "Solution Pharmacy" Mobile App to Get All Uploaded Notes, Model Question Papers, Answer Papers, Online Test and other GPAT Materials - https://play.google.com/store/apps/de...

History
The history of pharmacognosy is as old as human existence. History of pharmacognosy can be classified into three major stages.
1. First stage before eighteenth century, very few documents and recorded evidences are available showing use of natural products by human.
2. Second stage involves nineteenth century, which is the time when basic subject has evolved. In this century, the name pharmacognosy came into practice. Initially the subject was more likely to descriptive botany of medicinal plants. But as the time progress, it changes the course and encompasses extraction, isolation and other advances techniques.
3. In twentieth century, which may be considered as third stage of development, series of discoveries resulted in complete metamorphosis of the subject.
The ancient Egyptians documented their knowledge about medicine on paper made from Cyperus aquaticus commonly called acquatic sage or papyrus.Papyrus Ebers (around 1500 BC), Berlin Papyrus, Edwin Smith Paprus, Kahun Medicak Papyrus are some of the oldest handbooks which contain information of illness and treatments. In ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia clay tablets were used to document knowledge of drugs which are dating back to 3000 BC.
In the past, almost all medicines used were from the plants. Many ancient documents revealed that plants were used medicinally in China, India, Egypt and Greece long before the beginning of Christian era. In China, medicinal plants had been in use since 5000BC.
The oldest known herbal document ‘Pentaso’ written by Shen nung came out around 3000BC. During the same period, meticulous efforts had been progressing in India also, to examine and classify herbs.
Ancient India, information about drugs was documented in several Ayurvedic texts which still exist. Apart from Atharvaveda there are several books like Charak Samhita, Sushrut Samhita, Astang Hridaya, Madhav Nidan and Bhava Prakash. Charaka made 50 groups of 10 herbs each of which was meant for a particular illness. Sushrutha arranged 760 herbs in 7 groups based on their common properties.
Later in nineteenth century, development in science has expanded arena of pharmacognosy. Now a day’s pharmacognosy has become a kind of multidisciplinary subject which embarrasses phytochemistry, analytical pharmacognosy, pharmacotherapy, medicinal plant biotechnology, herbal formulations and nutraceuticals. Zoopharmacognosy is branch of pharmacognosy which involves observation of animal behavior for discovery and development of new drugs. Now a day’s drug from natural origin are studied, formulated and regulated in the framework of modern medicineThe history of herbal medicine is as old as human civilization.

How to Download Notes in PDF from Solution Pharmacy Facebook Group Using Laptop
   • How to Download Notes in PDF from Solution...   Using Mobile    • How to Download PDF from Solution Pharmacy...  

Get in touch with the solution by just clicking following links-

Facebook Group-   / solutionpharamcy  
Facebook Page-   / pharmavideo  
New channel (Pharmacy Dictionary) -    / @pharmacydictionary  
Instagram-   / solutionpharmacy  
E-Mail for official and other work - solutionpharmacy@gmail.com
LinkedIn-   / pushpendrakpatel  
#solutionpharmacy #Pharmacologyclass #GPATonlinetest